原发性高血压中枢交感神经系统发病机制的研究进展

Research progress on the pathogenesis of central sympathetic nervous system in essential hypertension

原发性高血压的发病机制主要与交感神经活性增高相关。交感神经活性主要受中枢交感相关神经系统调控。目前研究发现,该系统主要由下丘脑室旁核、延髓头端腹外侧、延髓尾端腹外侧、孤束核、弓状核、穹窿后器、血管终板器、视前正中核和食欲素神经元等核团组成。这些交感相关神经核团间的作用复杂,其形成的反馈调节神经环路中的某个环节出现异常后,整体的血压调控平衡点即会发生改变,这可能是导致高血压发病的原因之一。故本文拟综述高血压中枢交感相关神经系统发病机制的研究进展。

The pathogenesis of essential hypertension is mainly related to the increase of sympathetic nerve activity(SNA).SNA is mainly regulated by central sympathetic related nervous system.Recent studies find that the system is mainly composed of paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamic,rostral ventrolateral medulla,caudal ventrolateral medulla,nucleus of solitary tract,arcuate nucleus,subfornical organ,organum vasculosum lamina terminalis,median preoptic nucleus and orexin neurons,etc.The interaction of these sympathetic related nuclei is complex.When a certain link in the feedback regulatory neural circuit is abnormal,the overall balance point of blood pressure regulation will change,which may lead to hypertension.In this review,we will summarize the research progress of the pathogenesis of central sympathetic related nervous system in hypertension.