南水北调东线工程黄河以北线路优化构想

Optimizing the Route to the North of the Yellow River for the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

《南水北调工程总体规划》批复近20年来,我国北方地区水资源供需情势、水生态环境问题均发生深刻变化;优化南水北调后续工程线路,对适应北方地区新发展形势、落实国家重大战略具有重要意义。京津冀地区是南水北调东线后续工程的主要受水区,分析本地区的中长期供求趋势、空间分布及结构特征,可以发现:从长远供求趋势看,京津冀地区水资源缺口为3.9×10^(9)~6×10^(9) m^(3),用水需求的增长点主要是中西部城市区,也是雄安新区等国家战略布局实施的重点保障区域;充分利用现有河渠,新增经白洋淀进京路线,将供水中心西移,使工程线路更侧重覆盖地下水浅层超采区,也更利于补给河湖生态用水;东线后续工程经白洋淀进京方案具有串联水系多、自流覆盖广、调蓄能力强、综合效益高等比较优势,更适应京津冀地区高质量发展的需求。结合南水北调东线后续工程规划建设面临的新形势,梳理工程的功能定位、整体布局、线路走向等关键问题,提出东线后续工程线路优化构想,可为南水北调后续工程高质量发展提供参考。

Since the Overall Planning of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was approved 20 years ago,the supply and demand situation of water resources and water ecological environment problems in North China has undergone profound changes.Therefore,optimizing the subsequent route becomes significant for adapting to the new development situation in North China and for implementing major national strategies.The Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region is the major water-receiving area of the follow-up project of the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Analyses of the long-term supply and demand trend,spatial distribution,and structural characteristics of the Beijing‒Tianjin‒Hebei region exhibit that from the long-term supply and demand trend,the gap of water resources in this region is 3.9×10^(9)~6×10^(9) m^(3),and the growth of water demand is mainly contributed by the central and western urban areas,which are also key areas for implementing national strategies such as the construction of the Xiongan New Area.Moving water supply centers westward by establishing a new route into Beijing via Baiyang Lake while using existing river channels allows the route of the project to cover the shallow groundwater overexploitation areas to the largest extent,which is also conducive to the supply of ecological water for rivers and lakes.By this means,the eastern route can satisfy the requirement of the region for high-quality development owing to its comparative advantages of multiple series water systems,wide coverage of artesian water,strong capacity of regulation and storage,and high comprehensive benefits.Considering the new situation of the follow-up project planning and construction,we reviewed the major issues including the function positioning,overall layout,and route orientation of the project,and proposed a conception for optimizing the follow-up project of the eastern route,thereby providing a reference for promoting the high-quality development of the South-to-NorthWater Diversion Project.