大科学工程创新体系建构研究

Construction of Innovation System for Major Science Projects

大科学工程是国家科技创新的重要研发平台,研究工程运行和科技研发全过程创新要素及其创新体系建构,对充分发挥大科学工程的科学效益具有重要作用。本文在分析大科学工程创新体系建构需求的基础上,梳理提炼了国内外不同领域大科学工程创新活动中的创新要素,构建出大科学工程创新体系;选取我国神光-Ⅲ工程开展实证研究,为我国各领域大科学工程的创新体系建构提供了一般范式。研究认为,大科学工程创新体系是在创新环境的推动下,创新主体、创新环节和创新资源要素协同开展创新活动并实现创新目标的动态系统;大科学工程创新体系注重四大创新要素的横向协调及创新主体和资源的纵向协同。研究建议,大科学工程创新体系的管理实践需重视核心创新主体的主导作用、创新参与主体的跨界融合、创新资源的有效配置以及创新环境的动态变化,以此形成创新要素有效协同、创新活动高效开展的互动创新体系。

Major science projects are significant research and development(R&D) platforms for national science and technology innovation. Studying the innovation elements and the construction of an innovation system for the entire process of science and technology R&D and project operation is crucial for exploiting the scientific benefits of major science projects. Considering the demand for constructing innovation systems for major science projects, we explored the innovation elements in the innovation activities of major science projects in different fields in China and abroad, and established an innovation system for major science projects. The Shen Guang Ⅲ project of China was selected for empirical study, to provide a general paradigm for the construction of the innovation system for major science projects. The study concludes that the innovation system of major science projects is a dynamic system in which innovation subjects, innovation links, and innovation resources collaborate to achieve innovation goals under the impetus of an innovation environment;the innovation system focuses on the horizontal coordination of four innovation elements and the vertical collaboration of innovation subjects and resources. We suggest that the management practice of the innovation system for major science projects should emphasize the leading role of core innovation subjects, cross-border integration of innovation participating subjects,effective allocation of innovation resources, and dynamic changes in the innovation environment, to form an interactive innovation system with effective coordination of innovation elements and efficient implementation of innovation activities.