我国农业微生物产业发展研究

Development of Agricultural Microbial Industry in China

农业微生物产业作为利用农业微生物资源和生物技术形成的生物科技产业和高增值农业,涉及种植业、养殖业、农业环境等,在保障粮食安全、提升耕地质量、促进农业减排方面具有重要意义。本文从微生物肥料、饲用微生物产品、微生物农药、酶制剂微生物产品、农业废弃物资源化利用等方向,梳理了我国农业微生物产业的发展现状,进而总结了农业微生物技术与产业发展趋势;在研判种质资源、技术研究、产品研发、行业标准等农业微生物产业发展面临问题的基础上,提出了布局科研平台专项、建设数据信息系统、加强微生物种业创新、构建法律法规体系等重点举措。建立完善的产业政策体系和相关配套措施,健全农业微生物产业创新体系,孵化参与国际竞争的高科技企业,以此保障我国农业微生物产业高质量发展。

Agricultural microbial industry belongs to a biotechnology industry with high value addition.It utilizes agricultural microbial resources and biotechnologies,involves fields such as planting,breeding,and agricultural environment,and is crucial in ensuring food security,improving cultivated land quality,and promoting agricultural emission reduction.In this study,we reviewed the development status of agricultural microbial industry in China from the aspects of microbial fertilizer,microbial feeds,microbial pesticide,and microbial enzyme preparation.Then we summarized the development trends of the agricultural microbial technology and industry.Considering the challenges faced by the industry in terms of germplasm resources,technical research,product development,and industry standards,we proposed several key measures including establishing special projects for scientific research platforms,building data information systems,strengthening innovation in the microbial seed industry,and building systems of laws and regulations.To contribute to the high-quality development of China’s agricultural microbial industry,we suggest that an industrial policy system and related supporting measures should be established,the innovation system for the industry should be improved,and high-tech enterprises participating in international competition should be built.