面向积极老龄化的社区互助式养老服务模型——韩国敬老堂的经验与启示

Community-based Mutual Aid Elderly Care Model for Active Aging: Experience and Insights from Korea’s Senior Center

韩国独特的敬老堂制度是当今世界上为数不多的由政府主导,通过设置高密度的社区型养老服务设施来主动干预社区“社会资本”建设并藉由这种预防性健康战略积极应对老龄化的成功案例,受到了许多国家的关注,但在我国的认知度还较低。文章介绍了“敬老堂”的发展沿革、运营模式特点、目前的使用情况以及针对现状问题的振兴计划,并探讨了对我国的启示,为我国从积极老龄化角度出发探索新型的、尤其是适合乡村地区的社区养老服务政策和设施模型提供参考。

Korea’s unique system of“Senior Center”is one of the few successful examples of government-led initiatives to build community“social capital”through the installation of high-density community-based facilities for the elderly, and to actively respond to aging through this preventive health strategy. The related experience has attracted attention in many countries, but is still less recognized in China. This article introduces the history of the“Senior Center”, the characteristics of its operation model, its current using status, and its revitalization plan for the current problems, and discusses its inspiration for China. The study could be used as a reference for exploring new community elderly service policies and types of elderly facilities in China from the perspective of active aging, especially for communities in rural areas.