贵州红皮花生资源的农艺性状评价及小果种质筛选

Evaluation on Agronomic Traits and Screening of Small-fruited Germplasms in Red-skinned Peanut Resources of Guizhou

本研究以30份贵州保存的红皮花生资源为材料,对10个主要农艺性状进行相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,单株果数和总枝数变异系数较高,分别为36%和33%;相关性分析表明,主茎高、总分枝与单株结果力呈极显著负相关,单株结果数与果型大小呈极显著负相关。主成分分析表明,10个农艺性状可简化成3个主成分,累计贡献率达到81.025%,第一主成分以百果仁重和百果重影响为主,第二主成分以主茎高和侧枝长影响为主,第三主成分以百仁重影响为主。系统聚类分析表明,可将30份红皮花生资源分为4类,第Ⅰ类为小果资源,第Ⅲ类荚果空隙大,可用于加工,第Ⅳ类属大果资源。筛选出百仁重<50 g的小果种质3份(JS 166红花生、广顺红皮花生和ICG 86699)。

Thirty red-skinned peanut resources preserved in Guizhou were used as materials,and correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for 10 of the major agronomic traits in this study.The results showed that the coefficients of variation for the number of fruits per plant and the total number of branches were high,36%and 33%,respectively;the correlation analysis showed that the main stem height and total branches were highly significantly negatively correlated with the fruiting power of a single plant,and the number of fruits per plant was highly significantly negatively correlated with the fruit size.Principal component analysis showed that the ten agronomic traits could be simplified into three principal components with a cumulative contribution of 81.025%.The first component was dominated by the influence of 100 kernel weight and 100 fruit weight,the second by the influence of main stem height and lateral branch length,and the third by the influence of 100 kernel weight.The systematic cluster analysis showed that the 30 red-skinned peanut resources could be divided into four categories,categoryⅠwas small-fruited resources,categoryⅢhad large pod gaps and could be used for processing,and categoryⅣwas large-fruited resources.A total of three small-fruited germplasms with 100-kernel weight less than 50 g(JS 166 red peanut,Guangshun red-skinned peanut and ICG 86699)were screened.