基于双标图及通径系数对高油酸花生新品种郑农花23号的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on a New Peanut Variety Zhengnonghua 23 with High Oleic Acid Based on Biplot and Path Coefficient

对连续两年全国北方片花生多点试验小粒组的13个花生品种(系)农艺、经济及品质性状进行相关性分析和通径分析,探讨主要农艺、经济性状对产量的影响,并运用基因型主效应及其与环境互作双标图综合评价参试品种的丰产性、稳产性、适应性及19个试点的代表性、鉴别力。结果表明,两年产量性状的总变异值(主成分因素PC_(1)与PC_(2)变异之和)变异幅度为73.95%~78.63%,初步明确了泰安、石家庄试验点对产量性状具有较强辨别力和较高的代表性,郑农花23号丰产稳产性均较好,适宜在河南、山东、河北、辽宁等省区大面积推广种植;变异分析结果显示,油酸含量和亚油酸含量的变异系数最大,生育期、油脂含量和出米率的变异系数小,14个性状的变异系数为0.7%~35.3%;通径和相关系数结果表明,出米率、总分枝数与荚果产量之间分别呈显著正相关和显著负相关,主茎高的直接通径系数最大,是影响小粒花生荚果产量的关键性状,说明选育高产小粒花生时应侧重出米率的选择并控制株高。

The agronomic,economic and quality traits of 13 peanut varieties(lines)tested in Zhengnonghua 23 for two consecutive years were analyzed for correlation and path,and the influence of main agronomic and economic traits on yield was explored.Using the main effect of genotype,the biplot of its interaction with the environment was conducted to evaluate comprehensively the high and stable yield,adaptability of the tested varieties,and the representativeness and discrimination of the 19 pilots.The biplot results showde that the variation range of the total variation value(the sum of the principal component factors PC_(1) and PC_(2) variation)of the two-year yield traits was 75.32%-78.63%.Yield characters of Taian and shijiazhuang site with strong discrimination and high representativeness were preliminarily comfired.Zhengnonghua 23 had good high yield and stable yield,and was suitable for large-scale planting in these provinces such as Henan Province,Shangdong Province,Hebei Province,Liaoning Province.The variation analysis results showed that the variation coefficients of oleic acid and linoleic acid content,while the variation coefficients of oleic acid content and milled rice rate were small.and the coefficients of variation of 14 traits ranged from 0.7%to 35.3%;The results of path diameter and correlation coefficient showed that there were significant positive and negative correlations between rice yield,total number of branches and pod yield,respectively.The direct path coefficient of main stem height was the largest,which was the key influencing trait of small peanut pod yield,indicating that the choose of milled rice rate and height controlling should be paid more attention when breeding high-yielding small-grain peanuts.