日粮中添加维生素添加剂对皖西白鹅羽绒生长与品质的影响

Effects of vitamin additives in diet on growth and quality of Wanxi white goose down

探讨了日粮中维生素含量对鹅绒生长与品质的影响。选取400只健康的90日龄皖西白鹅,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每重复20只鹅(公母比例为1∶4),其中Ⅰ组为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为试验组,分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加微量元素0.2%后再添加维生素0、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的饲料。饲养60 d后于每重复中挑选5只试鹅采集腹部羽绒、全身羽绒及片毛样品。结果表明,试验组与对照组之间,绒朵大小、绒朵长度6~8 cm区间、蓬松度、断裂强力、断裂伸长、强度、全身绒重等差异不显著(P>0.05),但有改善趋势。绒朵长度0~2 cm区间Ⅰ组极显著多于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P<0.01),绒朵长度2~4 cmⅡ、Ⅴ组显著多于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),绒朵长度4~6 cmⅠ组极显著少于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,Ⅱ组显著少于Ⅳ组;空腹重Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组,Ⅲ、Ⅴ组极显著低于Ⅱ组;饲料消耗Ⅰ、Ⅳ组极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅴ组,Ⅲ组极显著低于Ⅱ组;腹部绒重Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组极显著低于Ⅲ组。综合分析,日粮中添加适量的维生素辅以微量元素对鹅绒产量和绒朵大小有提高作用,维生素添加量为0、微量元素添加量为0.2%时绒朵最大,维生素添加量为0.1%、微量元素添加量为0.2%时腹部羽绒最重。

In order to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin content on the growth and quality of goose down,400 healthy 90-day-old Wanxi white geese were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group,20 geese in each replicate(male-female ratio was 1∶4),of which Group I was the control group(fed the basal diet).Groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ were the experimental groups,which were fed with 0.2% of trace elements in the basal diet and then added with 0,0.1%,0.2%,and 0.3% of vitamins.The test period lasted for 60 days,5 test geese were selected in each replicate to collect samples of abdominal down,whole body down and flakes.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the test group and the control group in the size of the velvet,the length of the velvet ranges from 6 to 8 cm,the filling power,the breaking strength,the breaking elongation,the strength,and the whole-body pile weight(P>0.05),but there was a trend of improvement.The velvet length of velvet in 0~2 cm in group Ⅰ was significantly more than that in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ(P<0.01),and the velvet length of 2~4 cm in groups Ⅱ and Ⅴ was significantly more than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05).The length of 4~6 cm in group Ⅰ was significantly less than that in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ,and that in group Ⅱ was significantly less than that in group Ⅳ.The fasting weights of groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than those of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and V,and the groups Ⅲ and V were significantly lower than those of group Ⅱ;the feed consumption of groups Ⅰ and IV was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅱ and V,and that of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than Group Ⅱ.The abdominal velvet weights of the group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ were significantly lower than group Ⅲ.The results suggest that the addition of an appropriate amount of vitamins and trace elements in the diet could improve the yield and size of goose down.When the vitamin supplemental level was 0 and trace element supplemental level was 0.2%,the velvet flower was the largest,and when the vitamin supplemental level was 0.1% and trace element supplemental level was 0.2%,the abdominal velvet weight was the heaviest.