基于声发射技术的钻采过程引压支管泄漏信号研究

Study on leakage signals of inlet pipe in the process of drilling and production based on acoustic emission technology

海洋油气钻采过程中,引压支管在压力测量过程中具有广泛应用,由于工艺条件的复杂性,其泄漏的可能性和危险性很大,但缺乏及时有效的在线检测方法。本文将声发射(AE)检测技术应用到引压支管泄漏监测中,有效避免了传统检测手段的弊端。通过实验采集引压支管无泄漏及小、中、大3种不同泄漏量的声发射信号,确定最佳检测位置。应用小波包分解(WPD)和经验模态分解(EMD)2种信号处理方法分析,得到信号在不同频率段的能量分布特点及不同IMF分量的异同点。通过分析发现,泄漏速率达到一定程度后,EMD分解的结果并不理想,而小波包分解的方法更适合检测引压支管泄漏。本文研究成果可为油管泄漏检测技术研究提供参考。

In the process of offshore oil and gas drilling and production, the inlet pipe is widely used in pressure measurement. Due to the complexity of process conditions, the possibility and danger of its leakage are high, but there is no timely and effective online detection method. In this paper, the acoustic emission(AE) detection technology is applied to the leakage monitoring of the inlet pipe, which effectively avoids the drawbacks of traditional detection methods. Firstly the AE signals of four types(no leakage, small leakage, medium leakage and large leakage) in inlet pipe are collected by experiments to determine the optimal detection point. Wavelet packet decomposition(WPD) and empirical mode decomposition(EMD) are used to analyze the energy distribution characteristics of the signal in different frequency segments and the comparison of the signal in each intrinsic mode function(IMF). The analysis found that the results of EMD decomposition are not satisfactory when the leakage rate reaches a certain level, compared with which the wavelet packet decomposition method is more suitable for detecting the leakage of the inlet pipe. The achievements in this paper can be referenced for the research of oil pipeline leakage detection technology.