中国海洋渔业经济发展的区域差异及其成因

Regional differences and causes of China’s marine fishery economic development

国家“十四五”规划提出全面提高三大海洋经济圈发展水平,推进海洋经济区域协同发展。要实现区域经济协调均衡发展,首先要明确各地经济发展存在的差异情况及其成因。本研究以海洋渔业为案例,试图掌握其发展的区域特点,以期对实现沿海区域经济协调有所助益。本文首先运用泰尔指数测算我国沿海省市和三大经济区海洋渔业发展差异的总体水平,随后在层次分析法的基础上分别运用聚类分析和主成分分析的方法,分析两者在整体规模、要素投入、产出水平和产业结构方面的差异。结果显示:2015至2020年,我国沿海省市间海洋渔业发展的区域差异较为显著,三大经济圈内部的差异程度表现为长三角>珠三角>环渤海,渔业规模、产出效益及养捕结构是导致上述差异的主要因素。

The national "14th Five-Year Plan" proposes to comprehensively improve the development level of the three major marine economic circles and promote s the coordinated development of marine economic regions. To realize the coordinated and balanced dev elopment of regional economy, one must understand the differences and causes of economic development in different regions. Taking marine fishery as a case, this study attempts to grasp the regional characteristics of its development, in order to achieve economic coordination in coastal areas. In this paper, the Theil index is used to measure the overall level of differences in the development of marine fisheries between coastal provinces and cities and the three ma jor economic zones in China. Then,based on the analytic hierarchy process, it uses the methods of cluster analysis and principal component analysis to analyze the differences in the overall scale, factor input, output level and industrial structure. The results show that from 2015 to 2020, the regional differences in the development of marine fisheries among coastal provinces and cities in China are relatively significant.The degree of difference within the three economic circles is the Yangtze River Delta Region>Pearl River Delta Region>Circum-Bohai Sea Region. The fishery output value, industrial structure, and number of employees are the main factors leading to the above differences.