新发展格局下粤港澳大湾区高科技产业多尺度空间联系与政策启示

Multi-scalar spatial linkages initiated by high-tech industries in theGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and policy implicationsagainst the backdrop of China’s new development paradigm

中国区域发展和产业布局正迈向“以内循环为主体、内外循环相互促进”的新发展格局,而城市群肩负着内循环增长极、辐射源和双循环战略支点的双重使命。现有研究对核心城市群高科技产业带动内循环的空间格局及其政策启示的关注尚显薄弱。论文以改革开放以来深度融入外循环的粤港澳大湾区为例,刻画并对比其战略性支柱产业(电子信息、汽车、家电)和战略性新兴产业(生物科技、智能机器人、新材料)在区域内部和外部(带动粤东西北、泛珠三角、全国)的多尺度空间联系,总结推进以内循环为主体构建新发展格局的政策启示。研究发现:①粤港澳大湾区高科技产业多尺度空间联系以经济发达地区之间为主,区域内形成以广深港科技创新走廊为主轴向周边辐射,国内形成以粤港澳大湾区、长三角、京津冀和成渝4大国家级城市群为菱形结构顶点、中西部省会城市为重要节点的空间格局;②战略性支柱产业相比战略性新兴产业形成了更加稳固的菱形结构顶点支撑和城市区域化溢出及区域间联动进程,辐射带动的地理范围更广,在粤港澳大湾区内外的产业功能分工也更加完善;③建议以菱形结构作为内循环的基础空间架构,构建城市、区域、国家多尺度空间相互联动、经济发达地区和欠发达地区优势互补的多尺度嵌套和梯度循环并存的内循环空间格局。

China's regional development and spatial distribution of industries are moving towards a new development paradigm championed by internal circulation as well as mutual promotion between internal and external circulations.Against this backdrop,urban agglomerations shoulder responsibilities of performing as growth poles for leading internal circulation as well as strategic pivots for dual circulations.Extant literature,however,pays inadequate attention to how the spatial pattern of high-tech industries in key urban agglomerations drive internal circulation in China and its policy implications.This study focused particularly on the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA),which has been deeply embedded in external circulation since China's economic reform and opening-up,portraying the multi-scalar spatial linkages,including intra-regional and extra-regional linkages(for example,driving the development of the outer ring of Guangdong Province,the pan-Pearl River Delta region,and China),initiated by high-tech industries containing both strategic pillar industries(for example,electronics,automobile,home appliances)and strategic emerging industries(for example,biotechnology,robotics,new materials).Policy implications for promoting the new development paradigm by advancing internal circulation are summarized from the research findings.The conclusions are as follows:1)Multi-scalar spatial linkages initiated by high-tech industries in the GBA are unevenly concentrated in economically advanced regions.The Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong corridor functions as the principal axis in stimulating the development of surrounding areas at the regional scale.The GBA,Yangtze River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and Chengdu-Chongqing area operate as four supporting points for the diamondshaped spatial structure,along with a number of provincial capitals in the central and western regions as key nodes at the national scale.2)Compared to the strategic emerging industries,strategic pillar industries have formed better-equipped supporting points for the diamond-shaped spatial structure and facilitated the regionalization processes of cities and inter-regional synergetic development,with a greater scope of hinterland and more refined industrial functional division of labor both inside and outside the GBA.3)Policymakers are recommended to strengthen the diamond-shaped spatial structure as the geographical foundation to further develop the internal circulation underpinned by multi-scalar nested interactions as well as gradient circulations among both the developed and less-developed areas in China.