对嗜好品风险认知的国际比较

The International Comparative Research on the Risk Cognition of Addictions

对北京、大阪、洛杉矶 3城市的市民就香烟和毒品的风险认知进行了抽样调查 ,并对其结果进行比较分析 .主要结果如下 :①中日美 3国大约 4/ 5的人对吸烟持负面性风险认知和评价 .在 3国中 ,美国人对吸烟的风险认知和危害性估计最高 ,中国居中 ,日本最低 ;②总体而言 ,中日美 3国约 9成以上的人对毒品持负面性风险认知和评价 .在 3国中 ,日本人对毒品的风险认知和不安感最高 .比较而言 ,美国人对毒品却表现出相对宽容的态度 ;③在 3国中 ,日本人对香烟的社会容纳度最高 ,而对毒品的容纳度最低 ;美国人对毒品的社会容纳度远高于中国和日本 ;中国对香烟和毒品的社会容纳度都相对较低 ,这将有利于禁烟和禁毒 .

This sample survey on the risk cognition of cigarette and drugs was made in Beijing, Osaka, and Los Ageless. The comparative analysis shows the following results:①Almost 4/5 people in China, Japan and USA negatively evaluate the cigarette. For the risk cognition and the harmfulness estimation of cigarette, Americans are the highest, Chinese are the second and Japanese the lowest;②In general, over 90% people in the three countries negatively evaluate the drugs. Japanese have the highest risk cognition level and the highest anxiety level on the drugs. In comparison, Americans show relatively high tolerance level;③Japanese have the highest social tolerance level to cigarette and the lowest tolerance level to drugs. American's social tolerance level to drugs is much higher than Chinese and Japanese. In the mean time, Chinese show the lowest social tolerance level to cigarette and drugs. It is beneficial to ban the smoking and the drugs.