环境功能材料界面性质对生物膜形成过程与代谢功能的调控机制

REGULATORY MECHANISM OF INTERFACE PROPERTIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS ON BIOFILM FORMATION AND METABOLIC FUNCTION

材料表面生物膜形成对环境与人类生产的影响纷繁复杂,关于环境功能材料与微生物之间的界面作用关系尚无系统阐述。介绍了材料表面生物膜的形成过程,重点解析了材料表面疏水性、形态特征、表面电荷、磁性、物质释放与电子传递等物理化学性质对生物膜形成的调控机制;综述了材料对生物膜微生物群落结构与代谢功能的影响,并且论证了不同环境功能材料与生物膜在水处理系统、废气生物处理和土壤生态修复领域协同降解污染物的潜在机制和应用情况;最后展望了材料与微生物相互作用的未来研究方向。拟为环境功能材料表面生物膜的形成与控制调控,充分发挥两者协同作用以及定向指导材料合成提供理论和技术支撑。

The biofilm formation on materials has complicated effects on the environment and anthropogenic activities,but the systematic elaboration on the interfacial interaction between environmental functional materials and microorganisms has not been given yet.This paper introduces the formation process of biofilm on the material surface,and analyzes the regulation mechanism of the physicochemical properties such as surface hydrophobicity,morphological characteristics,surface charge,magnetism,material release and electron transfer on biofilm formation.In addition,the effects of materials on microbial community structure and metabolic function of biofilm are reviewed,and the potential mechanism and application of different environmental functional materials coupling with biofilm in the fields of water treatment,biological waste gas treatment and soil ecological restoration are also investigated.Finally,this study points out the future research direction of the interaction between materials and microorganisms.This review aims to provide theoretical and technical support for the formation and control of surface biofilm of environmental functional materials,and give full play to their synergistic effects and direct material synthesis.