徽州传统村落物质要素及空间形态分析——以安徽碧山村为例

Analysis on Material Elements and Spatial Form of Huizhou Traditional Villages:A Case Study of Bishan Village in Anhui Province

宗法制度的社会组织结构一直被认为是影响我国徽州传统村落规划和空间形态的决定性因素,然而在城市化快速发展的今天,徽州传统村落在社会功能的变更下,其物质要素及空间形态均发生了变化。文章基于徽州传统村落的发展背景,以安徽碧山村为例,结合空间句法分析村落的“点”“线”“面”要素及本质特征,探索村落的风貌特色以及独特的整体文化价值;进而从村落更新的实践角度,归纳总结出碧山村在社会功能变革下形成了以大型祠堂为中心区域的空间形态,为探究我国传统村落的保护与更新起到借鉴作用。

The social organization structure of the patriarchal system has always been considered to be the decisive factor affecting the planning and spatial form of Huizhou traditional villages in China.However,with the rapid development of urbanization today,the material elements and spatial forms of Huizhou traditional villages have changed due to changes in social functions.Based on the development background of traditional villages in Huizhou,this paper takes Bishan Village in Anhui as an example,and analyzes the"point","line"and"surface"elements and essential characteristics of the village in combination with space syntax,and explores the style and characteristics of the village and its unique overall cultural value;then,from the perspective of village renewal practice,it is concluded that Bishan Village has formed a spatial form with a large ancestral hall as the central area under the social function transformation.