湖泊光伏电站蒸发量变化特征及模型评估的对比研究

Comparative Study on Evaporation Variation Characteristics and Model Evaluation of Lake Photovoltaic Power Plant

作为地表水文循环以及能量分配的重要组成部分,湖泊蒸发有着重要的现实意义。湖泊光伏电站作为一种新的发电形式,把太阳能转变为电能的过程中改变了能量分配,从而也改变了湖面蒸发。本文利用江苏省扬中市营房村2020年10月至2021年1月渔光互补光伏电站内外观测数据,分析了其蒸发量的变化特征,并对主要蒸发模型进行了评估。结果表明:受到光伏电站遮挡效应的影响,站内的蒸发量小于站外,蒸发量减少了44.9%,秋季蒸发明显大于冬季,白天蒸发远大于夜间;文中评估了3种蒸发模型,其中以质量传输模型模拟效果最好。相关分析表明,湖泊光伏电站日蒸发量与水汽压差、湖气温差和净辐射通量呈显著相关;逐小时蒸发量可以近似为净辐射、10 m风速、相对湿度和湖水温度的线性回归值,线性模型表达为:y=0.08+0.0003R_(n)+0.0754u_(10)-0.0035RH+0.0165T_(s)。

As an important part of surface hydrological cycle and energy distribution,lake evaporation is of great practical significance.The lake photovoltaic power plant is a new form of power generation,which changes the energy distribution in the process of converting solar energy into electric energy,thus changing the evaporation of the lake.Based on the observation data inside and outside the fish-lighting complementary photovoltaic power plant from October 2020 to January 2021 in Yingfang Village,Yangzhong City,Jiangsu Province,this paper analyzed the characteristics of the changes in evaporation,and evaluated the main evaporation models.The results show that:the evaporation inside the station was less than that outside the station which affected by the shielding effect of the photovoltaic power plant,and the evaporation was reduced by 44.9%.The evaporation in autumn was obviously larger than that in winter,and the evaporation in daytime was much larger than that at night.Three evaporation models were evaluated in this paper,among which the mass transfer model had the best simulation effect.Correlation analysis showed that the daily evaporation of lake photovoltaic power plants was significantly correlated with water vapor pressure difference,temperature difference between lake and air,and net radiation flux.The hourly evaporation could be approximated as a linear regression value of net radiation,10m wind speed,relative humidity and temperature difference between lake and air.The linear model was expressed as:y=0.08+0.0003R_(n)+0.0754u_(10)-0.0035RH+0.0165T_(s).