履带浮筒式挖藕机底盘设计与试验

Design and test of chassis of crawler pontoon lotus root digger

针对水田挖藕机机动性、灵活性和适应性实际需要,设计了一种履带浮筒式挖藕机底盘。该底盘主要由机架、行走装置和可拆卸浮筒等组成。采用有限元对挖藕机底盘机架进行了分析,获取了底盘机架等效应力和总体变形云图,依此对其薄弱和冗余部位进行了结构优化。基于ADAMS对其机动性开展了动力学仿真,结果表明转弯和爬坡时履带链条间作用力相对直行时分别变大约30%和10%,最大侧翻边界角度38.6°。开展了底盘田间行走性能测试试验,结果表明,底盘液压马达最大输出扭矩≥740.44 N·m,原地转弯直径≤2.5 m,在硬土层滑转率≤3%,底盘上下田方便,行走稳定,可爬≤25°坡面,行走及通过性能满足设计要求。研究结果为莲藕机械化采挖技术与装备研究提供了重要参考。

According to the practical needs of mobility,flexibility and adaptability of paddy field lotus root digging machine,a crawler pontoon lotus root digging machine chassis was designed.The chassis was mainly composed of frame,walking device and detachable pontoon.The chassis frame of the lotus root digging machine was analyzed by finite element method,and the equivalent stress and overall deformation nephogram of the chassis frame were obtained.According to this,the weak and redundant parts were optimized.The dynamic simulation of its mobility was carried out based on ADAMS.The results show that the force between track chains changed about 30% and 10% respectively when turning and climbing,and the maximum rollover boundary angle was 38.6 °.The field walking performance test of the chassis was carried out.The results showed that the maximum output torque of the chassis hydraulic motor was greater than or equal to 740.44 N·m,the in-situ turning diameter was less than or equal to 2.5 m,the slip rate in the hard soil layer was less than or equal to 3%,the chassis was convenient to go up and down the field,walked stably,could climb the slope less than or equal to 25°,and the walking and trafficability could meet the design requirements.This study provided an important reference for the research on mechanized mining technology and equipment of lotus root.