晚清时期学校卫生教育形式

School health education in the late Qing Dynasty

中国的学校卫生教育工作始于晚清,本土新式学堂和西方教会学校均有涉及,并呈现不同特点。本土学堂以强体强国为目标,教育内容中西兼有,并逐渐走上自主研发之路;教会学校以传播教义和西方卫生观念为目标,教育内容以西方为主,同时引进西方学校卫生制度。研究通过比较晚清政府时期两种学校卫生教育的开展,分析二者在教育目标、途径和内容等方面的不同,总结出中西方关于教育、身体和卫生观念的差异是造成二者不同的根本原因。

Chinese school health education began in the late Qing Dynasty.While both local schools and western missionary schools were involved,each had different characteristics.With the goal of strengthening the country,local schools taught both Chinese and western educational content,and gradually embarked on the road of independent research and development.Missionary schools aimed to spread doctrines and western health concepts,and simultaneously introduced the western school health system.By comparing the development of two kinds of school health education in the late Qing government,this study analyzes the differences between them in terms of their educational objectives,approaches and content.The differences between Chinese and western ideas on education,body and health are summarized and regarded as fundamental factors for their differences.