贵州省农村初中生非自杀性自伤行为与自我控制的关联

Association between non-suicidal self-injuny and self-control among rural junior high school students in Guizhou Province

目的了解贵州省农村初中生非自杀性自伤行为(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)与自我控制的关联,为制定防控措施提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2021年11—12月对贵州省30所农村学校的4452名初中生进行问卷调查,采用非自杀性自伤行为量表和自我控制量表测量其NSSI和自我控制状况。结果986名(22.2%)学生偶尔发生NSSI,593名(13.3%)学生反复发生NSSI,不同性别、年级、独生子女、住宿、留守、学业成绩、学业压力、亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系、遭受家庭暴力状况的初中生NSSI发生频率特征差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.97~168.68,P值均<0.05);贵州省农村初中生自我控制得分为48.0(39.0,57.0)分,不同自伤行为频率初中生自我控制得分及冲动控制、健康习惯、抵制诱惑、专注工作、节制娱乐维度得分差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为612.08,464.64,193.10,228.86,194.04,542.20,P值均<0.05);自我控制得分高与初中生NSSI发生呈正相关(OR=1.06,95%CI=1.05~1.07,P<0.05)。结论贵州省农村初中生NSSI发生率较高,自我控制能力对NSSI有一定的预测作用。学校、家庭、政府相关部门应给予充分重视,制定针对性的防控措施。

Objective To understand the association between non-suicidal self-injury and self-control among rural junior high school students in Guizhou Province,and to provide reference for the development of prevention and control measures.Methods Using a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method,a questionnaire survey was administered to 4452 junior high school students in 30 rural schools in Guizhou Province from November to December 2021 to investigate non-suicidal self-injury and self-control using the Non-suicidal Self-Injury Scale and the Self-Control Scale.Results A total of 986(22.2%)students had occasional non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors,593(13.3%)students reported frequent non-suicidal self-injury,and the occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury among junior high school students varied significantly by gender,grade,only child,residence,left-behind experiences,academic performance,academic pressure,parent-child relationship,peer relationship,teacher-student relationship,and exposure to domestic violence(χ^(2)=6.97-168.68,P<0.05);the average score of self-control among junior high school students in rural Guizhou Province was 48.0(39.0,57.0),and the differences in self-control scores,impulse control,healthy habits,resist temptation,focus on work,and moderate entertainment were of statistical significance among students with varied frequency of self-injurious behavior(Z=612.08,464.64,193.10,228.86,194.04,542.20,P<0.05);high self-control score was associated with more non-suicidal self-injurious behavior(OR=1.06,95%CI=1.05-1.07,P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury is high among rural junior high school students in Guizhou province,and self-control shows a predictive effect on non-suicidal self-injurious behavior.Schools,families and relevant government departments should pay full attention to it and formulate targeted prevention and control measures.