江苏省3~6岁幼儿体质健康水平分析

Physical health analysis among preschool children aged 3-6 years in Jiangsu Province

目的了解江苏省3~6岁幼儿体质健康现状,为幼儿体质健康促进的理论与实践工作提供依据和参考。方法依据《国民体质测定标准手册(幼儿部分)》中规定的方法和标准,对随机整群抽取的江苏省5951名3~6岁幼儿的身体形态与身体素质指标进行测量与分析。结果江苏省幼儿体质综合评价总体合格率为79.8%,低于2020年全国平均水平(94.4%),其中男童综合评价的优秀率(4.3%)、良好率(15.7%)和达标率(80.3%)高于女童(3.6%,15.3%,79.2%);幼儿身高、体重指标普遍高于2020年全国水平;各年龄组幼儿协调性低于全国水平(t=11.56,P<0.01);江苏省5~6岁幼儿的柔韧性和身体平衡能力等方面素质相对较好。结论江苏省3~6岁幼儿体质健康水平稳步增长,其中身体柔韧性和身体平衡能力发展较好,但下肢力量和爆发力、协调性等相关素质有待提高。建议科学推进幼儿体质监测、管理及其后续干预促进等工作。

Objective To understand the current situation of physical health of children aged 3-6 years in Jiangsu Province,and to provide reliable basis and reference for the theoretical and practical work of children’s physical health promotion.Methods According to"National Physical Fitness Evaluation Standard Handbook(Children’s Part)",the body shape and physical fitness indexes of 5951 children in Jiangsu Province were measured and analyzed.Results Overall proportion of standard physical constitution among children aged 3-6 in Jiangsu Province was 79.8%,which was lower than the national average level in 2020(94.4%).Among them,the excellent rate,good rate and compliance rate of boys in comprehensive evaluation were higher(4.3%,15.7%,80.3%)than those of girls(3.6%,15.3%,79.2%);The height and weight of children were generally higher than the national level in 2020;The strength and explosive power of children’s lower limbs was lower than the national level in 2020(t=11.56,P<0.01);The flexibility and physical balance of older children in Jiangsu Province were relatively good.Conclusion The physical fitness level of 3-6-year-old children in Jiangsu Province has increased steadily,especially physical flexibility and physical balance ability However the related qualities such as lower limb strength,explosive power and coordination need to be paid attention to and improved.It highlights the importance of monitoring,management and promotion of children’s physical fitness.