小型河流典型重金属污染分布特征及风险评价研究

Study on Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Typical Heavy Metal Pollution in a Small River in Guangdong Province

以广东某小型河流为研究对象,采集12个取样点位的河流水体、河底泥、河岸土、周边植被作为样本,对重金属的含量进行了监测,并通过重金属污染指数评价了河流的污染程度。结果表明:该河道水样中主要重金属为AS、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb,其中Cr和Zn含量大,并且Cr含量严重超标,其污染最为严重;河岸土中Cr含量多,河底泥中Zn含量多;通过各种重金属含量判断了污染可能来源,为从源头上解决污染、保护流域生态环境提供了依据。

River pollution and treatment is the focus of current water environment treatment.In this paper,a small river in Guangdong Province is taken as the research object,and 12 sampling points of river water,river bottom mud,riparian soil and surrounding vegetation are collected as samples to monitor the content of heavy metals,and the pollution degree of the river is evaluated by the heavy metal pollution index.The results show that the main heavy metals in the river water samples are As,Hg,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb,of which Cr and Zn content are large,and Cr content with the most serious pollution is seriously over the standard.The content of Cr in river bank soil is high,and the content of Zn in river bottom mud is high.The possible sources of pollution can be judged by the contents of various heavy metals,which provides a basis for solving pollution from the source and protecting the ecological environment of the basin.