中暑预警体系的研究进展

Research progress of heatstroke warning system

随着全球气候变暖及热浪频发, 热相关疾病发生率逐渐上升, 中暑为最严重的病况, 具有高病死率、高后遗症发生率的特点。有效的中暑预警可通过监测某些指标预测中暑发生的可能, 以降低中暑发生率, 减轻危害, 但当前对中暑预警体系尚无统一总结。中暑的发生涉及气候环境和个体易感性两个关键方面, 而个体易感性又表现为热耐受能力差异。本文将从气候环境的炎热指数、热指数、湿球黑球温度(WBGT)指数、体感温度等指标, 以及个体易感性和综合分析方面来综述当前中暑的预警体系, 以供相关领域的研究参考。

With global warming and frequent heat waves,the incidence of heat-related-illness has gradually increased,and heatstroke is the most serious clinical syndrome,with high mortality and incidence of sequelae.Effective heatstroke warning aims to reduce the incidence and the harm of heatstroke by monitoring certain parameters and forecasting the possibility of suffering heat illness,however,there is no unified summary of the heatstroke early warning system at present.The occurrence of heatstroke involves two key aspects:climate environment and individual susceptibility,and individual susceptibility is manifested as the difference in heat tolerance ability.This article represents the current early warning system of heatstroke from climate environment,such as effective temperature,heat index,wet bulb globe temperature(WBGT)index,somatosensory temperature,etc.,and individual susceptibility,for the reference of research and development in this field.