精神分裂症患者的认知功能缺损及其与阴性症状的关系

Cognitive impairment and its correlation with negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者的认知功能缺损,分析阴性症状与认知功能的关系。方法:共招募60例精神分裂症患者和46例健康志愿者,采用简版韦氏成人智力量表、字符数字广度测验和韦氏记忆量表测评两组被试的认知功能。采用阴性和阳性症状评定量表(PANSS)阴性分量表和阴性症状评定量表(SANS)测评精神分裂症患者阴性症状。采用T检验比较两组被试认知功能差异,采用R软件中的qgraph程序对认知功能和阴性症状的得分进行网络分析。结果:精神分裂症患者的智商、常识、算术、相似性、字符数字广度、逻辑记忆、延迟逻辑记忆、视觉记忆、延迟视觉记忆(t=-9.346,-6.879,-6.207,-6.688,-5.492,-7.598,-7.653,-8.303,-4.858,-6.014;P<0.001)、数字广度正序(t=-2.589,P<0.05)和数字广度倒序(t=-2.589,P<0.01)得分均显著低于健康对照组;PANSS阴性分量表与相似性、数字广度倒叙、字符数字广度、逻辑记忆呈负相关;SANS与相似性、逻辑记忆和延迟逻辑记忆呈负相关,具有最强中心性的节点是估算智商。结论:精神分裂症患者存在认知功能缺损,阴性症状与认知功能密切相关。

Objective:To explore the deficits of cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia and to analyze the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive function.Methods:60 participants with schizophrenia and 46 healthy controls were recruited, cognitive functions were estimated based on the short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Letter-Number Span Test and Wechsler Memory Scale.The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)negative subscale and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms(SANS)were used to assess the negative symptoms.T-test was used to compare the differences in cognitive function between the two groups, and the qgraph program in R software was used for network analysis of the scores of cognitive function and negative symptoms.Results:A total of Patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower scores in estimated IQ,general knowledge, arithmetic, similarity, letter-number span, logical memory, delayed logical memory, visual memory, delayed visual memory(t=-9.346,-6.879,-6.207,-6.688,-5.492,-7.598,-7.653,-8.303,-4.858,-6.014;P<0.001),digit span positive order(t=-2.589,P<0.05),and digit span inverse order(t=-2.589,P<0.01)than healthy controls;PANSS negative subscales were negatively correlated with similarity, digit span inverse order, letter-number span, and logical memory;SANS were negatively correlated with similarity, logical memory and delayed logical memory, the node with the strongest centrality was estimated IQ.Conclusion:Patients with schizophrenia have cognitive deficits, and negative symptoms are closely related to cognitive function.