基于上市企业与高级生产性服务业联系的中国城市网络——以创新500强企业IPO为例

Examining the Urban Network in China Based on the Connection of the Innovative Listed Enterprises and APS Firms:An Empirical Study Based on IPO of the Top 500 Innovative Chinese Firms

创新型上市企业是知识经济时代下多种创新要素汇聚和融合的综合产物,而高级生产性服务业是地区经济增长的主要动力之一,两者的相互关系及在构建城市网络中的作用日益受到学者关注。文章基于1990-2019年500强创新型上市企业首次公开募投联系数据,分析了创新型上市企业的时空演变及上市过程中与证券公司、会计师事务所、律师事务所的业务联系而形成的城市网络结构。结果显示:①创新型上市企业的数量呈稳步增加态势,国内板块成立和政策文件出台是推动其增长的重要因素;②城市网络节点以北京为绝对核心,京深沪杭城市位于“金字塔”顶端,为绝大多数创新型上市企业提供服务;③服务型城市以外向服务为主,且在职能分工、服务路径方面表现出地理邻近和等级优先特征;④城市网络呈现以北京为核心的“放射状”结构,证券公司、会计师事务所构成的城市网络均呈现以京沪深为核心的“三角形"结构,律师事务所构成的城市网络与整体结构相似。

Advanced producer services serve as the driving force of the regional economic growth. Meanwhile,innovative listed enterprises have been developed through the integrate of various innovation factors in the era of knowledge economy. Scholars pay more attention on the interrelationship between innovative listed enterprises and advanced producer services,and their roles in the development of urban networks. Dased on the data of initial public offering(IPO)linkages of the top 500 innovative listed enterprises from 1990 to 2019,this paper analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution of innovative listed enterprises and the urban network structures formed by their linkages with securities firms,accounting firms and law firms during their process of IPO. The results show that: 1) The number of innovative listed enterprises steadily increases,the establishment of exchange boards and policy incentives are important factors driving their growth.2) Beijing,as the absolute core of urban network nodes,as well as,Shenzhen,Shanghai and Hangzhou,are the cities at the top of the "pyramid" and provide services for most innovative listed enterprises. 3) Service-oriented cities, functioned variously, mainly offer extrovert services, and the paths of service are characterized by geographical proximity and hierarchical priority. 4) The overall urban networks show a "radial" structure with Beijing as the core, while the urban networks of securities and accounting services show a "triangular" structure with Beijing,Shanghai and Shenzhen as the cores. The urban network of law firms resembles the overall urban networks.