中、高级汉语水平英语母语者对汉语语法体标记“了、着”的习得过程

The acquisition process of Chinese aspect markers le(了) and zhe(着) by intermediate- and advanced-level native English speakers

本文结合线下与在线实验,考察了中、高级汉语水平英语母语者对汉语语法体标记“了、着”的习得过程。结果发现:(1)汉语母语者在线下和在线任务中均表现出几乎对称的词汇体-体标记交互作用;(2)英语母语者对汉语体标记的习得基本符合体假说的初期搭配倾向预期,但与后期预期不完全相符;(3)汉语母语者对词汇体和体标记交互作用的加工集中在句法整合和判断阶段,英语母语者的加工则分散于各成分即时加工与句末整合、判断阶段;(4)随着汉语水平提升,英语母语者线下任务中出现“了”的泛化倾向,“着”则发展缓慢。以上结果表明,汉语二语体标记的习得可能受汉语词汇体-语法体互动机制、母语句法特征和任务类型等因素的综合调节。

This paper investigates the acquisition process of Chinese grammatical aspect markers le and zhe by native English speakers at intermediate and advanced Chinese levels through both offline and online experiments.The experimental results show that:(1) native Chinese speakers show almost symmetric interaction between lexical aspect and aspect markers in both offline and online tasks;(2) the acquisition of Chinese aspect markers by native English speakers is basically consistent with the initial collocation tendency expectation of the Aspect Hypothesis,but not completely consistent with the later expectation of the hypothesis;(3) native Chinese speakers’ processing of the interaction between lexical aspect and aspect markers is concentrated on the syntactic integration and judgment stages,while native English speakers’ processing is scattered in the online processing of each component and the integration and judgment stages;(4) with the improvement of Chinese proficiency,native English speakers tend to generalize le in offline tasks,with zhe developing at a slow rate.These results suggest that the acquisition of Chinese aspect markers by native English speakers might be regulated by many factors,such as the Chinese lexical aspect-grammatical aspect interaction mechanism,syntactic features of first language,and the task type.