2004—2021年洱源县血吸虫病综合治理项目效果分析

Effect analysis of comprehensive schistosomiasis control project in Eryuan County from 2004 to 2021

目的 分析2004—2021年洱源县血吸虫病综合治理项目效果,探讨存在的问题与挑战,为实现消除血吸虫病防治目标提供依据。方法 收集2004—2021年洱源县血吸虫病综合治理项目血防工作统计报表资料,梳理汇总相关部门血防综合治理资料,对洱源县血吸虫病防治数据采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 洱源县人群感染率由2004年9.18%降至2015年的0感染率,2007年以来,洱源县连续14年未发现当地感染的急性血吸虫病病例。家畜感染率由2004年6.03%降至2015年的0感染率。2008年以来连续13年未查到感染性钉螺。2021年钉螺面积为262.81 m^(2),和2004年的1 074.28 m^(2)相比下降了75.54%。活螺平均密度由2004年的0.929 5只/0.1 m^(2)降至2021年的0.035 6只/0.1 m^(2),下降了96.17%。截至2021年,全县25个村达到消除标准。结论 洱源县血吸虫病防治工作取得了显著成效,但在消灭血吸虫病的最后阶段,还应该继续坚持以控制传染病为主的综合防治策略,因地制宜,科学规划,完善监测体系,实施精准防控,推进洱源县消除血吸虫病达标进程。

Objective To analyze the effects of the comprehensive schistosomiasis control project in Eryuan County from 2004 to 2021,and to discuss the existing problems and challenges,so as to provide basis for the elimination of schistosomiasis control goal.Methods The statistical data of blood control work of integrated schistosomiasis control project in Eryuan County from 2004 to2021 were collected,and the data of integrated blood control work of related departments were summarized to analyze the effect of schistosomiasis control by descriptive epidemiological method in Eryuan County.Results The infection rate of the population in the county decreased from 9.18% in2004 to 0 in 2015,since 2007,no acute schistosomiasis cases were found in the county for 14consecutive years.The infection rate of livestock decreased from 6.03% in 2004 to 0 in 2015.No infected oncomelania snails had been detected for 13 consecutive years since 2008.The snail area decreased from 1 074.28 m^(2)in 2004 to 262.81 m^(2)in 2021,it decreased by 75.54%.The average density of live snails decreased from 0.929 5/0.1 m^(2)in 2004 to 0.035 6/0.1 m^(2)in 2021,it decreased by 96.17%.By 2021,25 villages in the county had reached the elimination standard.Conclusions The schistosomiasis control in Eryuan County has achieved remarkable results,but in the final stage of the eradication of schistosomiasis,we should continue to adhere to the comprehensive control strategy focusing on the control of infectious diseases,adapt measures to local conditions,make scientifically plan and improve the monitoring system,implement precise prevention and control and promote the process of the elimination of schistosomiasis in Eryuan County.