生态旅游者养成的影响因素研究——基于重要生命经验的分析

Research on the Influential Factors of the Formation of Eco-tourists——Analysis Based on Important Life Experiences

培育生态旅游者是发展生态旅游,缓解旅游发展与环境保护矛盾的关键环节。本研究从我国典型的生态旅游项目中选取生态旅游者样本,运用“重要生命经验”研究方法,探索其在生命过程中形成环境友好态度和行为的关键影响因素。结果发现,生态旅游者的养成可归结为10种外部因素相互作用的结果,这些因素在生态旅游者生命历程中的不同时期产生影响。其中,组织因素是生态旅游者养成的重要影响因素,而其主要影响来自包含自然体验活动的教育培训。因此,应提供有组织、有计划的自然体验学习,在不同生命阶段采取针对性的自然体验学习策略,从而促进生态旅游者的养成。

Focusing on children and adolescents’needs to cultivate ecotourists is the key to develop ecotourism and alleviate the contradiction between tourism development and environmental protection.The paper selects samples of ecotourists from typical ecotourism projects in China,and uses the research method of“important life experience”to explore the key influential factors in forming environmentally friendly attitude and behavior in the whole life process.The result shows that the formation of ecotourists can be attributed to the interaction of ten external factors,such as the experience of contacting nature in childhood,family values,and collective activity experience in childhood,which affect ecotourists in different periods of their life.Among them,the organizational factor is an important one for the cultivation of ecotourists,and its main influence comes from education and training including natural experience activities.Therefore,children and adolescents should be provided with well-organized and planned natural experience learning,and targeted natural experience learning strategies should be adopted at different life stages,so as to promote the formation of ecotourists.