能量叙事下建筑环境调控的历史图景

Historical Prospect of Architectural Environment Regulation from the Perspective of Energy Narration

人类建造行为的动因除了安全防护之外,更是需要一个能够遮风避雨、相对舒适的居所,也就是环境调控的主要任务。究其本质,建筑的环境调控是一个能量传递的过程和物质化的表达过程。本文以热力学中的能量流动为视角,通过回溯建筑环境调控的历史流变,考察前现代、现代和当代的建筑环境调控方式转换,进而揭示在技术和观念的发展下,建筑应对外界气候环境的逻辑与设计策略转变,从适应气候到控制气候,再到利用气候,目标是在当前气候和能源问题日益凸显的背景下,对通过建筑形式、空间、技术的设计来实现环境调控的方法提供借鉴。

In addition to safety considerations,the motivation of human construction behavior needs a shelter from the wind and rain and provide a comfortable residence,which is the main task of environmental regulation.In essence,the environmental regulation of the buildings is a process of energy transmission and materialized expression.From the perspective of energy flow in thermodynamics,this paper reviews the historical evolution of building environment regulation,and investigates the transformation of pre-modern,modern and contemporary building environment regulation methods.Then it reveals that under the development of technology and concept,the logic and design strategy of architecture to deal with the external climate environment changes from adapting to the climate to controlling the climate,and then to using the climate.The goal is to provide a reference for the method of environmental regulation through the design of architectural form,space and technology under the background of climate change and energy crisis.