高校教室声环境实验研究与仿真分析

Experimental Study and Simulation Analysis of Sound Environment in University Classrooms

教室作为语言类用途房间,其听闻环境普遍不佳。针对现存高校教室混响时间过长、语言清晰度较差的问题,本研究以台州市某高校典型合班教室为主要研究对象,采用实测与仿真相结合的方式对教室声环境进行研究。通过实测,得出该类教室混响时间频率特性曲线及信噪比。通过EASE软件模拟仿真,得出教室空间结构对声能分布的影响。研究结果表明:被测教室混响时间500 Hz均值达到2.40 s,未开启风扇时信噪比高于25 dB;不同位置的主梁结构对教室语言传输指数(speech transmission index,STI)值分布产生影响,主梁位于教室前部时,STI值起伏较大,当教室有两根主梁存在时,STI值普遍较高。研究结果对于高校教室声环境改善具有一定指导意义。

Classroom as a language use room,its listening environment is generally not good.In order to solve the problems of long reverberation time and poor language clarity in the existing university classrooms,this paper takes a typical classroom in a university in Taizhou as the main research object,and adopts the method of combining in situ measurement with simulation to study the acoustic environment of the classrooms.The reverberation time frequency characteristic curve and the signal-to-noise ratio of this kind of classroom are obtained by in situ measurement.Through EASE software simulation,the influence of structural geometry on the distribution of sound energy is studied.The results show that the average reverberation time at 500Hz in the tested classroom reaches 2.40s,and the signal to noise ratio is higher than 25dB when the fan is off.The Speech Transmission Index(STI)value distribution is affected by the geometry and position of the main beams.When the main beam is in the front of the classroom,the STI value fluctuates greatly.When there are two main beams in the classroom,the STI value is generally higher.The results of this study serve as a guidance for sound environment improvement of university classrooms.