切花小菊“红昌”脱毒技术研究

Study on Virus-free Technique of Cut Chrysanthemum“Hongchang”

以切花小菊“红昌”为试验材料,对病毒唑预脱毒,热处理结合微茎尖脱毒的技术进行了探究。结果表明:病毒唑浓度10mg/L对小菊进行预脱毒,温度25~39℃热处理无菌苗,脱毒率达92.50%。茎尖大小为0.1~0.3 mm时,经RT-PCR检测,小菊的脱毒率极显著高于其他处理,高达89.00%,植株茎秆粗壮,叶片浓绿。剥离茎尖时采用茎尖固定培养基,能够有效减缓茎尖的水分流失,提高茎尖成活率,成活率为60.00%。以不同的茎尖诱导培养基培养茎尖,改良MS+6-BA 0.3mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+活性炭0.5g/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂5g/L为最佳培养基,成活率最高为53.33%,茎尖生长速度快,长势好。

Flower Chrysanthemum“Hongchang”was used as experimental material,the techniques of predetoxification of ribavirin,heat treatment combined with micromeristem tip detoxification were studied.The results showed that the virazole concentration was 10 mg/L for pre virus-free treatment,and the temperature was 25-39℃for heat treatment of sterile seedlings,which was the best treatment method for heat treatment combined with stem tip virus-free treatment,with the virus-free rate reaching 92.50%.When the stem tip size was 0.1-0.3 mm,RT-PCR detection showed that the difference of virus-free rate was significantly higher than that of other treatments,up to 89%.The plant had strong stems and thick green leaves.When peeling off the shoot tip,the fixed shoot tip medium could effectively slow down the water loss of the shoot tip,and improve the survival rate of the shoot tip,which was 60%.Different shoot tip induction media were used to culture shoot tips.Modified MS+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+activated carbon 0.5 g/L+sucrose 30 g/L+agar 5 g/L was the best medium.The highest survival rate was 53.33%,and the shoot tip grew fast and grew well.