论唐宋时期寺庙“茶药共饮”的习俗

On the Custom of Drinking Tea and Medicine Together in Temples in the Tang and Song Dynasties

唐宋时期,民间饮茶习俗进入寺庙,“以茶入药”成为寺庙僧众保养身体的重要饮食习惯。目前,关于该时期寺庙中“以茶入药”的研究较少,多数研究以寺庙中的“茶礼”为重点。作为“茶礼”中的核心环节,关于茶“药性”的研究对于“茶礼”研究的完整性至关重要。因此本文以“茶汤礼”替代“茶礼”。径山是“茶礼”的形成地,径山茶宴于唐宋“茶礼”形成时期逐渐成形,并作为茶道和茶学的起源传入日韩。作为皇家与民间文化相结合的重要显现,寺庙中“茶药共饮”的习俗具有多层次的内容、特点与价值意义。鉴于当前有关于寺庙中“茶汤礼”研究的不完整性,建议以非物质文化遗产保护的视角切入,提高寺庙“茶药共饮”研究的完整性,使这一古老礼仪在当下有更好的传承。

During the Tang and Song Dynasties,the folk custom of drinking tea entered the temples,then the way of using tea as medicine became an important dietary habit for monks to keep healthy.At present,there are few studies on customs of using tea as medicine in temples,and most of the studies focus on tea ceremony in temples.As the core of the tea ceremony,research on medicinal properties of tea is crucial to the study on integrity of the tea ceremony.Therefore,this article replaces tea ceremony with tea soup ceremony.Jingshan is the place where the tea ceremony was developed.The Jingshan tea banquet was gradually formed during the formation period of the tea ceremony in the Tang and Song Dynasties,and was introduced to Japan and South Korea as the origin of tea ceremony.As an important manifestation of the combination of royal and folk culture,the custom of drinking tea and medicine together in temples contains multi-level messages,characteristics and value significance.In view of the incompleteness of the current research on tea soup ceremony in temples,it is suggested to start from the perspective of intangible cultural heritage protection to improve the integrity of the research on the practice of drinking tea and medicine together in temples,so that this ancient ritual can have better inheritance at present.