关于日本近代茶道精神的哲学思考

Philosophical Reflection on the Concept of Teaism in Modern Japan

日本茶道因其优美的表演形式和独特的审美意识而为世界各国人民所熟知。人们认为,日本茶道蕴含着日本文化的特质,茶道的精神也被视为是固有的、恒常不变的。实际上,茶道虽然被冠以“道”之名,其内容和形式却是因应时代而不断变化的,这尤其体现在明治维新以来的日本茶道之中。日本近代茶道在精神内涵方面的变化主要体现在:一是将茶道作为以非二元为特质的东方“文化”向欧美国家进行宣传;二是强调茶道中蕴含儒教的人伦思想,因而具有道德教化的功用。

Japanese teaism is well known to people all over the world because of its artistic performance form and unique aesthetic consciousness.It is believed that Japanese teaism contains the characteristics of Japanese culture,and the spirit of teaism is considered to be inherent and constant.Although teaism is called"Tao",its content and form are constantly changing according to different times,which can be proved especially in the Japanese teaism since the Meiji Restoration.The changes in the spiritual concept of modern Japanese teaism are mainly reflected in the following 2 aspects:firstly,teaism is publicized to European and American countries as an oriental"culture"characterized by nonduality;Secondly,it emphasizes that teaism contains Confucian ethics,so it has the moralization function.