韭菜种质资源花器官表型性状多样性分析

Analysis on Floral Phenotypic Diversity of Chinese Chive Germplasm Resources

为从花器官表型性状角度研究韭菜种质资源多样性,选取56份韭菜种质资源进行遗传多样性分析和聚类分析。结果表明:韭菜花器官各质量性状的遗传多样性指数为0.15~1.02,其中花蕾三棱颜色的遗传多样性指数最大,其次是花药颜色,最小的为花序形状。韭菜花器官各数量性状的变异系数为9.60%~31.56%,遗传多样性指数为1.50~2.02,其中单薹蒴果数的变异系数和遗传多样性指数均最大,瓣长/萼长的变异系数最小,薹高的遗传多样性指数最小。萼长/萼宽的变异系数(14.61%)和多样性指数(1.91)均大于瓣长/瓣宽的变异系数(12.04%)和多样性指数(1.82),表明在韭菜种质资源中花萼的形状比花瓣的形状具有更高的丰富度和变异幅度;且在与花被相关的数量性状中,萼长/萼宽的变异系数和多样性指数均为最高,可见其是进行韭菜种质资源鉴定的一个重要指标。利用花器官10个质量性状进行系统聚类分析,将参试的56份韭菜种质资源分为4类。

In order to study Chinese chive's genetic diversity from the angle of floral phenotypic traits,this paper selected 56 accessions of germplasm resouces and conducted genetic diversity analysis and clustering analysis.The results indicated that the genetic diversity index of each Chinese chive qualitative character was 0.15-1.02.Among them,flower bud rib color had the largest gentetic diversity index;the second largest was anther color;and the smallest was inflorescence shape.The variable coefficient of each quantitative character of floral organ was 9.60%-31.56%.The genetic diversity index was 1.50-2.02,of which capsule amount per infructescence had the largest variable coefficient and genetic diversity index.The variable coefficients of the ratio of the petal length to the sepal length were minimum,and genetic diversity index of involucre length was minimum.The variable coefficients(14.61%)and diversity index(1.91)of the ratio of the sepal length to its width were all greater than the variable coefficients(12.04%)and diversity index(1.82)of the ratio of the petal length to its width,indicating that among Chinese chive germplasm resouces,sepal shape had higher richness and variation range than petal shape.Moreover,among all quantitative traits related to perianth,the variable coefficient and diversity index of the ratio of the sepal length to its width were all the highest.As you see,it is an important indicator for identifying Chinese chive germplasm resources.Conducting hierarchical clustering analysis by 10 qualitative traits of floral organ,the 56 tested accessions of Chinese chive germplasm resouces were divided into 4 categories.