某三级公立医院医务人员对人工智能医学应用伦理问题的认知研究

Survey on cognition of ethical problems in the medical application of artificial intelligence among medical personnel in a tertiary public hospital

为了解公立医院医务人员对人工智能医学应用中伦理问题的认知差异及其影响因素,提升医务人员的伦理认知和伦理决策能力,文章采用方便抽样方法,用自行设计的问卷对安徽省某三级公立医院813名医务人员进行问卷调查。结果显示,医务人员了解人工智能医学应用中伦理问题的渠道分散,主要通过新闻资讯和科普文章;医务人员认为安全风险和隐私保护是人工智能医学应用中最主要的伦理问题,分别占76.1%和64.9%;医务人员的专业年限、职称和对人工智能医学应用的了解程度与其对人工智能医疗应用中伦理问题的认知有关(P<0.05)。大多数医务人员对人工智能医学应用及其带来的伦理问题了解程度不高,认知缺乏系统性。应加强医务人员对人工智能医学应用中伦理知识的教育和培训,采取有效措施提升医务人员人工智能医学应用的伦理认知水平,规范开发医疗人工智能技术的算法,健全医疗人工智能的伦理监管体系,推动相关立法,保障医疗人工智能健康发展。

To understand the difference in the perceptions of ethical issues in the medical application of artificial intelligence(AI)among medical personnel in public hospitals as well as its influencing factors and provide suggestions for improving the medical personnel’s ethical cognition and ethical decision-making ability in the application of artificial intelligence in the medical field in public hospitals,a total of 813 medical personnel participated with a self-designed questionnaire by convenient sampling method in a tertiary public hospital in Anhui Province.The channels for medical personnel to understand the ethical problems in the medical application of AI were diversified,mainly through news and popular scientific articles.Medical personnel believed that security risk and privacy protection were the most critical ethical issues in the medical applications of AI,accounting for a high proportion of 76.1%and 64.9%,respectively.Their length of medical service,professional titles,and knowledge of AI medical applications were related to their perception of ethical problems in AI medical application(P<0.05).Most medical personnel have a low level of understanding of the application of AI in medicine and its ethical problems,with a lack of systematic cognition.We suggest strengthening the education and training of medical personnel on the ethical knowledge in AI medical application;taking effective measures to improve the ethical awareness and the ability of medical personnel in the medical application of AI;standardizing the development of the algorithm of medical AI technology;improving the ethical supervision system of medical AI,and promoting relevant legislation to promote the reliable development of medical artificial intelligence.