豫南青钱柳人工林叶片干物质含量时空格局

Spatiotemporal patterns of leaf dry matter content of Cyclocarya paliurus plantation in southern Henan Province

为了提高豫南地区青钱柳[Cyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Ijinsk.]叶用林管理和利用的水平,调查该区青钱柳人工林叶片在不同年度、月份,不同树冠位置的干物质含量,以及叶绿素相对含量、比叶面积。结果表明,豫南地区青钱柳人工林5月叶片干物质率最低,为38.38%,8月叶片干物质率在不同年度间变化幅度最大,极差达38.27%,9—11月叶片干物质率则趋于稳定,在全年中位水平。不同年度平均干物质率不同,但相对稳定。在空间格局上,叶片干物质含量随树冠高度自下而上逐渐升高,均值分别为34.30%、46.41%、50.49%,上部叶片干物质率显著高于下部叶片,叶片干物质率在树上部各方位上无显著差异。叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)均值自下而上分别为2.11、2.51、2.63,比叶面积均值自下而上分别为33.43、21.58、18.63 cm^(2)/g。根据结论得出,青钱柳中、上部叶片在10—11月干物质含量高,叶片密度、厚度较大,易于烘干或炒制,更适于加工茶品;林地管理上通过树体修剪矮化,多采用青钱柳上部叶片作为加工原料,能提高青钱柳叶茶的品质。

In order to improve the management and utilization level of Cyclocarya paliurus leaf forest in southern Henan Province,the dry matter content,relative chlorophyll content and specific leaf area were investigated of Cyclocarya paliurus plantation leaves in dif⁃ferent years,months and tree crown positions.The results showed that the leaf dry matter rate of Cyclocarya paliurus plantation in southern Henan Province was the lowest in May,which was 38.38%.And the leaf dry matter rate of Cyclocarya paliurus plantation var⁃ied the most in different years in August,the extreme difference was 38.27%.From September to November,leaf dry matter rate tend⁃ed to be stable at the median level throughout the year.The average dry matter rate varied from year to year,but was relatively stable.In terms of spatial pattern,leaf dry matter content gradually increased with crown height from bottom to top,with mean values of 34.30%,46.41%and 50.49%,respectively.The dry matter rate of upper leaves was significantly higher than that of lower leaves,but there was no significant difference in leaf dry matter rate in all parts of the tree.The average of relative chlorophyll content(SPAD)was 2.11,2.51,and 2.63,from top to bottom respectively,and the average of leaf area from bottom to top was 33.43,21.58,and 18.63 cm^(2)/g,respectively.According to the conclusion,the middle and upper leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus had higher dry matter con⁃tent,greater leaf density and thickness from October to November,which were easy to be dried or roasted,and more suitable for tea processing.In the management of forest land,through tree body pruning and dwarfing,the upper leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus were used as raw materials to improve the quality of Cyclocarya paliurus leaf tea.