麦弗逊悬架硬点设计对轮胎磨损的影响分析

Analysis of Influence of McPherson Suspension Hard Point Design on Tire Wear

针对麦弗逊悬架的轮胎磨损问题,研究发现以下硬点优化途径:(1)优化摆臂前后硬点横向差值,垂跳工况下悬架行程-50 mm附近的轮心纵向位移梯度由29.37 mm/m降低到0 mm/m,大幅降低轮胎磨损程度,同时提升悬架冲击舒适性;(2)优化转向拉杆外点横向位置,垂跳工况下悬架行程-50 mm以下前束角梯度趋近于0,大幅降低轮胎偏磨程度;(3)优化转向拉杆与摆臂前点和外点连线的夹角,在不降低纵向力工况下轮心纵向柔度的前提下,前束角梯度由-0.26 (°)/k N降低到-0.11 (°)/k N,大幅降低制动工况轮胎偏磨程度。其次通过整车仿真对比验证,优化后操控稳定性和舒适性能均得到了一定提升,验证以上硬点优化方案在解决轮胎磨损问题上的有效性,同时优化后的硬点布置为后期实车弹性元件调校提供更大的优化匹配空间。

Aimed at the tire wear of McPherson suspension, the following hard points optimization approaches were found: 1. By optimizing the transverse difference of front and rear points of arm, the longitudinal displacement gradient of the suspension stroke below-50 mm was reduced from 29.37 mm/m to 0 mm/m in bounce case, which greatly reduced tire wear and improved suspension impact comfort;2. By optimizing the lateral position of the outer point of tie rod, the toe gradient of the suspension stroke below-50 mm approached zero in bounce case, which greatly reduced the tire eccentric wear;3. By optimizing the included angle between tie rod and connecting line between the front and outer points of arm, the toe gradient was reduced from-0.26(°)/kN to-0.11(°)/kN, without reducing the longitudinal flexibility of the wheel center in longitudinal force case, which greatly reduced the tire eccentric wear under braking conditions. Secondly, through simulation verification, the ride and handling performance was improved after optimization. The effectiveness of hard points optimization in solving tire wear was verified, and the optimized hard points provided a larger optimization matching space for the chassis turn in the later period.