从创建科举学到高考改革研究——专访浙江大学刘海峰教授

Research on the Reform from Establishing the Study of Imperial Examination to College Entrance Examination:An Interview with Professor Liu Haifeng from Zhejiang University

融汇古今的教育研究能使人具有用长远的眼光看待问题的能力,因此看问题会比较有深度,比较能够发现规律性的问题。科举学是一门以中国和其他东亚国家存在的科举考试制度及其运作的历史为研究对象的专学。科举学的研究对象十分重要,研究人员众多,研究成果丰硕,社会影响广泛,是一门方兴未艾的专学。鉴古可以知今,研究历史上的科举考试制度,可以为当今的各类考试改革,尤其是为高考改革提供参考和借鉴。目前“唯分数论”的弊端还很难彻底根除,在一定意义上,分数往往是那些拥有较少社会资本和文化资本的考生进行竞争的“硬实力”。我国高考改革应该考虑本国国情,包括教育水平、社会制度、社会发展阶段,以及民众的认可程度等。新高考改革利弊兼具,既有很大的成效,也面临许多挑战,未来新高考还是要适应新形势,不断改革,与时俱进。

The integration of ancient and modern educational research enables people to develop a habit of examining the problems from a long-term perspective which will help to understand the problems more deeply and to identify the regularities.The study of imperial examination focuses on the imperial examination system and the history of its implementation in China and other East Asian countries.Because of the importance of the study object of imperial examination,the large amount of researchers,and fruitful research results,it is designed to become an academic community with its increasing influence and develop into a burgeoning field.Studying the imperial examination system in history can provide reference for the reform of various examinations,especially for the reform of the College Entrance Examination(CEE).It is difficult to cure the problem of“scores only”completely,because scores are the competitive hard power of students with less social and cultural capitals.The reform of CEE should take into account China s national conditions,including the educational and social system,the stage of social development,and the level of public recognition.The new CEE has both advantages and disadvantages.It has achieved great outcomes,but also faces many challenges.In the future,the new CEE should adapt to the new situation,continue to reform,and keep pace with the times.