中国加氢站商业模式及经济性比较

Business Modes of China’s Hydrogen Refueling Stations and the Economics Comparation

氢能应用场景丰富,被广泛认为是交通、工业等终端用能领域实现零碳化的重要方式之一。目前中国氢能产业正快速发展,氢能在交通运输领域已进入商业化和规模化发展阶段,加氢站是交通领域氢能产业链的关键环节,选择合适的商业模式将推动燃料电池车辆推广、基础设施建设和氢储运成本的降低,对加快氢能在其他领域的应用和产业化发展具有重要意义。以加氢站为研究对象,针对加氢站供应类型和加氢站功能类型组合分析加氢站的不同商业模式,并对不同模式的加氢站经济性进行比较分析。研究认为:目前阶段采用外供氢源方式的合建站是加氢站优选的运营模式,在氢源受限市场站内橇装制氢加氢一体化模式具有明显优势,加氢站布局、下游市场对氢能的需求是影响加氢站商业模式选择的关键因素。

Hydrogen energy has rich application scenarios and is widely regarded as one of the significant ways to achieve zero carbon in the end-use energy fields like transportation and industry. At present, China’s hydrogen energy industry is enjoying rapid development, and hydrogen energy has entered the stage of commercialization and large-scale development in the field of transportation. Hydro refueling station is the key link of the industrial chain of hydrogen energy in the field of transportation. Selecting an appropriate business model will advance the promotion of fuel cell vehicles, infrastructural development and the reduction of hydrogen storage and transportation costs, which is quite significant to accelerate the application and industrialization of hydrogen energy in other fields. With hydrogen refueling station as the research target, the author of this article herein analyzes the different business models of hydrogen refueling station according to the combination of supply and function type of hydrogen refueling station, and comparatively analyzes the economics of hydrogen refueling station using different modes. According to the research,currently, the co-built station adopting the external supply of hydrogen energy is the optimal operation mode, which gains obvious advantages in terms of the integrated mode featuring skid-mounted hydrogen generation and refueling in the market with limited hydrogen source. The layout of the hydrogen refueling station and the demand for hydrogen energy in the downstream market are the key factors affecting the choice of the hydrogen refueling station business model.