美食蕉的降血糖活性及其对糖脂代谢指标、激素的影响

Anti-hyperglycemic Activity and Effects of Plantain on Glucolipid Metabolism Indices and Hormones

美食蕉是我国香蕉新品种,富含抗性淀粉、膳食纤维等,根据国食药监保化[2012]107号文件附件3“辅助降血糖功能评价方法”对美食蕉的降血糖活性进行研究。将24只正常大鼠随机分为空白对照组(NC)、美食蕉高剂量空白对照组(NH),将造模成功的48只糖尿病大鼠随机分为糖尿病模型对照组(DM)以及美食蕉低、中、高剂量组(LP、MP、HP),测定大鼠血液生化指标、激素水平等,初步探索美食蕉对糖脂代谢的影响。结果表明,美食蕉对正常大鼠无不良作用且在一定程度上呈现减缓正常大鼠体质量增加的效果;美食蕉干预能够缓解糖尿病大鼠多食、多饮、多尿、消瘦的症状,降低糖尿病大鼠血清葡萄糖浓度,提高其葡萄糖耐受能力。与DM组相比,LP、MP、HP组大鼠血清葡萄糖浓度分别显著降低10.70%、10.19%和13.94%(P<0.05)。美食蕉干预能够缓解糖脂代谢紊乱,降低血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和游离脂肪酸浓度,降低血清胰岛素、C肽、胰淀素和胰高血糖素样肽-1的水平。与DM组相比,低、中、高剂量组大鼠胰岛素水平分别降低了28.54%、39.50%和49.14%。结论:美食蕉具有降血糖活性,通过调节激素分泌从而影响糖脂代谢。

Plantain is a new banana cultivar grown in China, which is rich in resistant starch and dietary fiber. By the China Food and Drug Administration(CFDA) method for the evaluation of assisting blood sugar reduction function, the anti-hyperglycemic activity of plantain was tested. Twenty-four normal rats were arbitrarily allocated into a control group(NC) and a high-dose plantain group(NH), and 48 rats with experimental diabetes mellitus(DM) were randomized into four groups: model control, low-(LP), medium-(MP) and high-(HP)-dose plantain. The effect of plantain on glucolipid metabolism was evaluated by testing blood biochemical indices and hormone levels. Results showed that plantain had no adverse effect on normal rats and alleviates the increase of body mass in normal rats to a certain extent and that plantain intervention alleviated the typical symptoms of diabetes, polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and emaciation, decreased blood sugar, and improved glucose tolerance. Compared with the model control group, blood sugar levels were significantly reduced by 10.70%, 10.19% and 13.94% in the low-, middle-and high-dose plantain groups, respectively(P < 0.05).Besides, disorders of glucolipid metabolism were ameliorated. The serum concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acid were decreased and so were serum insulin, C-peptide, amylin and glucagon-like peptide-1. Compared with the model control group, insulin levels were decreased by 28.54%, 39.50% and 49.14% in the low-, middle-and high-dose groups, respectively. Therefore, plantain has anti-hyperglycemic activity. It may impact glucolipid metabolism through regulating hormone secretion.