百部的本草考证

Textual Research on Radix Stemonae

通过古今文献考证和植物学比较研究,借助全国中药资源普查,从药材的名称、性味、产地分布、功效主治、炮制、禁忌等方面对其进行考证。经过系统考证表明,百部以“玉萧”“箭悍”出现于《名医别录》中,此后历代本草均有收载,整理发现百部有“百部草”“嗽药”“玉箫”“白并”“野天门冬”“一窝虎”等21种名称。百部历代功效以《新修本草》中“疗咳嗽,亦主去虱煮作汤”为底应用,后世记载功效如“润肺下气止咳”为“疗咳嗽”的详细应用。性味多以《本草便读》中“甘、苦,微温”为底加以应用。产地多见于山东、安徽、湖北、浙江、四川等地,百部以华南地区为优势品种。古代本草书籍中百部实际为直立百部、对叶百部、蔓生百部、羊齿天门冬四类。明代之前以酒渍、火炙等为主,明代以蜜煎为主,并流传至今,清代以蜜炙与酒渍并见,现代多以切片与蜜炙为主。

Through the comparative study of ancient and modern literature and botany,and with the help of the national survey of Chinese medicinal,this study reviewed the name,property and flavor,origin distribution,efficacy and indication,processing,contraindication,and other aspects of Baibu(Radix Stemonae).After systematic research,it showed that origin distribution,efficacy and indication,processing,contraindication,and other aspects of Radix Stemonae.It was recorded as Yuxiao or Jianhan in Ming Yi Bie Lu.Since then,Radix Stemonae was recorded in herbal text as Baibucao,Souyao,Yuxiao,Baibing,Yetianmendong,Yiwohu and others in total of 21 names.The efficacy of Radix Stemonae was to‘treat cough,but also to kill lice’in Xin Xiu Ben Cao,later records such as‘moisturizing Lung and descending reverse Qi to stop cough’for the detailed application of‘cough treatment’.The property and flavor were mainly‘sweet,bitter,and mild warm’recorded in Ben Cao Bian Du.The producing areas were mostly found in Shandong,Anhui,Hubei,Zhejiang and Sichuan,with South China as the dominant variety.In ancient herbal books,there were actually four types of Radix Stemonae,which were Stemona sessilifolia,Stemona tuberosa,Stemona japonica,and Asparagus filicinus.Regarding the processing,wine stains and fire processed were mainly applied before the Ming Dynasty,and honey frying in the Ming Dynasty until now,honey frying and wine stains were common in the Qing Dynasty,slicing process and honey frying were dominate in the modern time.