磷肥对小麦淀粉粒度分布及黏度参数的影响

Effect of Phosphate Fertilizer on Granule Size Distribution and Viscosity Parameters of Wheat Starch

以小麦品种华成3366为材料,设置P2O5浓度为0、60、120、180 kg/hm^(2)的4个磷肥用量水平,研究不同磷肥用量对小麦籽粒淀粉粒度分布及黏度参数的影响。结果表明:当磷肥用量为0~120 kg/hm^(2)时,增施磷肥显著增加小麦籽粒B型淀粉粒的体积和表面积占比,降低A型淀粉粒体积和表面积占比;当磷肥用量为120~180 kg/hm^(2)时,施磷对A、B型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比无显著影响。磷肥用量为0~120 kg/hm^(2)时,增施磷肥显著提高小麦淀粉的低谷黏度、峰值黏度和最终黏度,而对回升值和稀懈值无显著影响。当磷肥用量超过120 kg/hm^(2)后,磷肥对上述淀粉黏度参数无显著影响。不同磷肥施用量处理小麦后,由其淀粉粒度分布、黏度参数的变化可以看出,当磷肥用量为0~120 kg/hm^(2)时,增施磷肥通过改变淀粉粒度分布,即增加B型淀粉粒的体积、表面积百分比,降低A型淀粉粒体积、表面积百分比,进而提高峰值黏度等淀粉黏度参数。

Using wheat variety Huacheng 3366 as the test material and set four phosphorus levels which the P2O5 consistency of 0,60,120,and 180 kg/hm^(2),respectively,the effect of phosphate fertilizer dosage on the starch granules size distribution and starch viscosity parameters of wheat endosperm was studied.The test results showed that when the phosphate fertilizer dosage was 0~120 kg/hm^(2),as the amount of phosphate fertilizer significantly increased,the volume and surface area percentage of B-type starch granules increased and the volume and surface area percentage of A-type starch granules reduced.When the phosphate fertilizer dosage was 120~180 kg/hm^(2),increasing phosphate fertilizer had no significant effect on the volume and surface area percentage of A-type and B-type starch granules.Increasing the application of phosphorus fertilizer in the range of 0~120 kg/hm^(2) significantly increased the trough viscosity,peak viscosity,and final viscosity of wheat grain starch,but had no significant effect on the breakdown and setback value.When the phosphate fertilizer dosage exceeded 120 kg/hm^(2),the amount of phosphate fertilizer had no significant effect on the above starch viscosity parameters.The above analysis demonstrates that increasing the amount of phosphate fertilizer changed the starch particle size distribution when the phosphate fertilizer dosage is 0~120 kg/hm^(2).That is to increase the volume and surface area percentage of B-type starch granules,reduce the volume and surface area percentage of A-type starch granules,and then increase the starch viscosity parameters such as peak viscosity.