青藏高原重金属污染风险研究现状及展望

Current status and prospects of research on heavy metal pollution risk in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

青藏高原地处第三极,被誉为“亚洲水塔”,是我国重要的生态屏障。通过文献计量法(中国知网)筛选到15篇青藏高原相关重金属风险研究论文,分析发现近年来在人类与自然的影响下,青藏高原逐渐出现了重金属生态污染风险。通过综述近年来青藏地区重金属生态污染风险研究现状,并提出以下展望:1)青藏地区从东部向西部污染风险逐渐降低,人类活动为主要的影响因素,需进一步制定相关规范以减少重金属进入环境;2)进一步研究青藏高原重金属污染源问题,为减少重金属污染“源头治理”提供依据;3)今后需加大生物—物理—化学治理联用技术研发,在兼顾生态保护中实现重金属污染高效治理。

Located at the third pole,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,known as the“Water tower of Asia”,is an important ecological barrier in China.In recent years,under the influence of human and nature,ecological pollution risk of heavy metals has gradually appeared in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.This paper summarizes the research status of ecological pollution risk of heavy metals in Qinghai-Tibet region in recent years,and puts forward the following prospects:(1)The pollution risk in The Qinghai-Tibet region gradually decreases from the east to the west,and human activities are the main influencing factor.It is necessary to further formulate relevant regulations to reduce heavy metals entering the environment.(2)Further research on pollution sources of heavy metals in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to provide basis for reducing heavy metal pollution“source control”;(3)In the future,it is necessary to increase the research and development of biology-physical-chemical treatment technology to achieve efficient heavy metal pollution treatment while taking ecological protection into consideration.