在城市新区开发建设过程中生态规划与提升的策略研究--以深圳国际生物谷坝光核心启动区为例

Strategies study on ecological planning and improvement in the process of development and construction of new urban area:A case of Shenzhen International Bio-valley Baguang core area

随着中国城市化进程的加快,城市新区开发成为人口与产业向外扩张的主要方式,大量建设用地挤占原本的自然生态空间引发自然资源减少、生态系统退化等问题,因此,通过生态规划与提升策略平衡经济发展与自然生态,达到人与自然和谐共存的目标,是城市新区开发中需要关注的重要生态议题。以深圳国际生物谷坝光核心启动区为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析方法,定量评估生态环境质量,将生态敏感性、开发适宜性和自然资源承载力的分析结果与现有控规相结合,提出系统优化提升策略,包括建立“一核两区十三廊多节点”的生态安全格局、划定四大生态功能区、优化绿地系统布局。研究结果显示,在该系列策略指引下,建成区绿地率将提升2.4%,人均公共绿地面积提高11.1%,500 m范围的绿地可达性增长5.3%,景观连接度提升4.4%,形成良好的生态效益和生态文明建设示范作用。

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,the development of new urban areas has become the main way of outward expansion of population and industry.A large amount of construction land occupies the original natural ecological space,which will lead to problems such as natural resources reduction and the ecosystems degradation.Therefore,using ecological planning and improving strategies to balance economic development and natural ecology to achieve the goal of harmonious coexistence between man and nature is an important ecological issue that requiring attention in the development of new urban areas.This paper takes Shenzhen International Bio-valley Baguang core start-up area as the research object,uses GIS spatial analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the quality of the ecological environment,and combines the analysis results of ecological sensitivity,development suitability and natural resource carrying capacity with the existing control regulations,proposed systematical optimization and improvement strategies,including establishing an ecological security pattern of“one core,two districts,thirteen corridors and multiple nodes”,delineating four ecological function areas,and optimizing the layout of the green space system.The research results show that these strategies will bring a series of ecological benefits including 2.4%increment in the green space rate in the built-up area,11.1%increment in the per capita public green space area,5.3%increment in the accessibility of green space within a range of 500 m,and the 4.4%increment in landscape connectivity,playing a demonstration role in the construction of ecological civilization.