5种生物农药喷雾防治竹镂舟蛾幼虫效果评价

Effect of Spraying 5 Kinds of Biological Pesticides on Loudonta dispar Larvae Control

为揭示无公害防控竹镂舟蛾的关键技术,在福建政和县选择竹镂舟蛾为害的毛竹林设立试验研究区,选用1.5%苦参碱可溶液、3%高渗苯氧威乳油、25%阿维·灭幼脲悬浮剂、1.2%烟碱·苦参碱乳油和1.8%阿维菌素乳油等5种生物农药,应用无人机喷雾技术,开展防治竹镂舟蛾幼虫用药的最佳使用剂量筛选试验,并检测竹林土壤和竹笋中的农药残留。结果显示:药后5 d, 5种农药均有2个浓度水平对竹镂舟蛾幼虫的校正死亡率达86%以上;农药的最佳浓度水平(用纯净水以体积比稀释的倍数)是:1.5%苦参碱和1.2%烟碱·苦参碱均为1 500倍液,3%高渗苯氧威为2 500倍液,25%阿维·灭幼脲为1 000倍液,1.8%阿维菌素为800倍液。在竹笋和土壤中均未检出所施的农药成分。研究结果表明,试验的5种农药对竹镂舟蛾幼虫致死作用强、防效好,且不会产生农药残留,竹林喷施这5种农药,可大幅降低竹镂舟蛾幼虫的虫口数量,达到无公害防控竹镂舟蛾成灾的目的。

In order to reveal the key technology for non-pollution prevention and control of Loudonta dispar, the bamboo forest infested by L. dispar was selected as the experimental area in Zhenghe County, Fujian Province, and five kinds of biological pesticides, i.e., 1.5% matrine solution, 3% hypertonic fenoxycarb EC, 25% avermectin methylurea SC, 1.2% nicotine matrine EC and 1.8% avermectin EC were chosen and sprayed using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) to screen out the optimum dosage of insecticides for controlling the larvae of L. dispar and to detect the pesticide residues in bamboo forest soil and bamboo shoots. The results show that the mortality of L. dispar larvae by the 5 pesticides rises to more than 86% at 2 concentrations after 5 days, and the optimum concentration of the pesticides is the solution diluted 1 500 times for 1.5% matrine and 1.2% nicotine Matrinethe, the solution diluted 2 500 times for 3% hypertonic fenoxycarb, the solution diluted 1 000 times for 25% ACV Methylurea is of solution, and the solution diluted 800 times for 1.8% Avermectin. No pesticide is detected in bamboo shoots and soil. The results indicate that the 5 pesticides have strong lethal effect on the larvae of L. dispar, and will leave residues. Therefore, spraying the 5 pesticides can greatly reduce the number of the larvae of L. dispar, and achieve pollution-free prevention and control of L. dispar infestation.