多维度视阈下中国健康建设水平的区域差异与极化研究--基于“健康中国2030”战略视角

Research on Regional Differences and Polarization of China’s Health Construction Level from a Multi-dimensional Perspective:Based on the Strategic Goal of“Healthy China 2030”

健康虽是一种身体状态,却受诸多社会因素的影响,而不同的社会因素参与了健康不平等的缔造。“大幅提高健康水平,显著改善健康公平”是“健康中国2030”的战略目标,对于缩小居民身心健康差距,实现健康建设的均衡分布至关重要。然而,目前多维度视角下对我国健康建设水平的综合分析仍较为有限,存在拓展空间。基于此,从“健康中国2030”战略视角,以健康服务、健康保障、健康环境和健康产业四个维度构建总体健康建设指标评价体系,基于省际面板数据借助熵权法测度了我国2009—2020年各维度健康建设水平与总体健康建设水平,并通过Dagum基尼系数和极化指数考察了其区域差异与极化程度。研究发现:中国各维度健康建设水平与总体健康建设水平均逐渐提高,但区域不均衡仍然较为显著,呈现东高西低的分布特征。健康服务、健康保障水平的总体区域差距呈现缩小趋势,健康环境和健康产业发展水平的总体区域差距呈现扩大趋势,区域间差距较大是其主要来源。全国健康服务与健康保障两极分化程度逐渐减弱,而健康环境和健康产业发展的两极分化程度逐渐增强,而且健康产业资源要素的区域聚集现象逐渐加重。未来破解我国健康建设发展的不均衡,亟须解决的是健康环境与健康产业的区域不均衡。各地区应以提高企业绿色创新能力为重点,促进健康环境高质量发展;应激发健康产业创新,扩充健康产业类别,加快健康产业规模的区域协同提升。

Health is the foundation of national development and the happiness of people’s livelihood.Although it is a physical state,it is affected by many social factors,and different social factors participate in the creation of health inequality.“Greatly improve health level,significantly improve health equity”is the strategic goal of“Healthy China”,which is crucial to narrow the gap between physical and mental health of residents and improve the balanced distribution of health construction.However,at present,the comprehensive analysis of health construction level in China based on multi-dimensional perspective is relatively limited,and there is room for expansion.On this basis,from the perspective of“Healthy China 2030”strategy,the overall health construction index evaluation system of the paper was constructed from the four dimensions of health service,health security,healthy environment and health industry.The health construction level and the overall health construction level of China from 2009 to 2020 were measured,which based on the inter-provincial panel data with the entropy weight method.The regional differences and polarization degrees were examined by the Pagum Gini coefficient and polarization index.The study found that the level of health construction in various dimensions and the overall level of health construction in China are gradually improving,but the regional imbalance is still significant,showing the distribution characteristics of high in the east and low in the west.The overall regional gap in health services and health security shows a narrowing trend,while the overall regional gap in the development level of health environment and health industry is expanding,which is mainly caused by the large inter-regional gap.The polarization degree of national health service and health security is gradually weakened,while the polarization degree of health environment and health industry development level is enhanced,and the regional aggregation phenomenon of health industry resource elements is gradually aggravated.In order to solve the prospective imbalance of health construction and development in China,it is urgent to deal with the regional imbalance of health environment and health industry.Improving the green innovation capacity of enterprises should be deemed as an important work for all regions,which can promote high-quality development of healthy environment.Meanwhile,it also suggested to stimulate the innovation of health industry,expand the category of health industry and promote regional coordination of health industry scale.