乙烷定向生产乙烯技术的研究现状和趋势

Research Status and Perspective on Technology of Orient Converting to Ethylene from Ethane

乙烷脱氢转化是一类重要的乙烯定向生产技术,有望取代当前基于石油路线的蒸汽裂解工艺。本文综述了近年来以乙烷为原料生产乙烯的各种技术的研究进展,包括蒸汽裂解、催化直接脱氢、氧化脱氢、CO_(2)辅助脱氢等以及其它新兴工艺或反应过程。以热力学为主线讨论了这些过程的差异以及挑战。可以预见的是,目前仍迫切需要开发更高选择性、更低能耗的乙烷制乙烯技术。其挑战不仅在于研制更有效的乙烷转化催化剂,更需要设计合适的H_(2)产物转化路径,从而突破乙烷脱氢转化的热力学平衡约束。

Dehydrogenation conversion of ethane from natural/shale gas into ethylene is an important“on-purpose”production technology of ethylene,which is expected to be alternative to the current steam cracking process based on petroleum route.This review focused on the recent research progress in various synthetic technologies of ethylene from ethane,including steam-cracking,catalytic direct dehydrogenation,oxidative dehydrogenation,CO_(2)-assisted dehydrogenation,and other newly developed process.The difference in thermodynamics between these processes were mainly discussed.It can be expected that more selective-and energy-saving technologies of ethane to ethylene are still urgently needed.The challenge lies in developing more effective catalysts for ethane turn-over as well as designing appropriate conversion path of the H_(2) product to break through the thermodynamic constraints.