人类学语境下非物质文化遗产“本真性”探究——以天师道音乐为例

Research on the Authenticity of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Context of Anthropology——Taking Tianshi Taosim Music as an Example

本真性是非物质文化遗产研究与保护领域的一个重要理念,也是其本身价值的判定准则之一,然而在具体保护工作中不能固化地执行这一准则,不可简单粗暴地认为一成不变地传承下去就是对非物质文化遗产最好的保护;也不能出于各种所需就随意地“建构”它,否则它就会被歪曲而变异,失去其本真性与相应产生的社会价值。该文拟采用文化人类学中“他者”“自我”的视角分析天师道乐的流变与传承要素,以期获得非物质文化遗产本真性的实质要旨和保护思路,并提出天师道乐发展策略。

Authenticity is an important concept in the field of intangible cultural heritage research and protection,as well as one of the criteria for determining its own value.However,this criterion cannot be implemented in specific protection work,and it can't be simply and rudely considered that immutable inheritance is the best protection of intangible cultural heritage.Nor can it be constructed randomly out of various needs;otherwise it will be distorted and mutated,losing its authenticity and corresponding social value.This paper intends to use the perspective of the Other and ego in cultural anthropology to analyze the evolution and inheritance factors of Tianshi Taoism Music,in order to obtain the essence of the authenticity of intangible cultural heritage and protection ideas,and put forward the development strategy of Tianshi Taoism Music.