《金刚经》异译本中的因果复句探析

Study on Causal Complex Sentence in the Diamond Sutra with the Different Translation

《金刚经》现存鸠摩罗什、菩提流支、真谛、笈多、玄奘和真谛6种汉译本,其因果复句关系标记有“故”“是故”“是”“因”“何以故”和“何所因”等。通过梵汉对勘与同经异译对比的方法可知,句末表原因的关系标记“故”和“何所因”的“何所”等的产生受到佛经翻译的影响,“是”的连词用法在中古后期逐渐衰落,笈多对梵语tena的翻译表现出独特的语言风格。6种译本对因果复句句式的选择存在一些共性,但单重和异类嵌叠两类因果复句的使用频次差异比较显著。

There now existing six versions of the Chinese translation of the Diamond Sutra, namely Kumārajīva,Bodhiruci, Pramārtha, Dharmagupta, Xuanzang and Yijing version.From the Comparison between Sanskrit and Chinese texts of the Diamond Sutra we can find that causality is marked with gu, shi gu, shi, yin, he yi gu he suo yin and so on.Guand he suo are influenced by the translation of Buddhist scriptures in the Diamond Sutra. Result conjunction shi gradually declined in the late Middle Ages. Dharmagupta ’s translation of Sanskrit tena shows a unique language style.The six translation versions have some commonalities in the choice of causal compound sentences, but the frequency of use of the two types of causal compound sentences is quite different.