理想、崇高与命运——浅析朱光潜《悲剧心理学》中的悲剧思想

Ideal, Sublimity and Destiny——Analysis on Zhu Guangqian’s Tragic Thought in The Psychology of Tradgedy

《悲剧心理学》是朱光潜先生美学思想的奠基之作,也是我国美学和文艺理论研究的里程碑。这部著作围绕悲剧快感问题对诸多西方理论进行了批判性的分析和解读,并表现出了对悲剧的强烈偏爱。在这些批判与倾向的背后潜藏着朱光潜先生个人的悲剧思想。朱先生悲剧思想中的重要内容可以简要概括为:悲剧是将人生“距离化”的理想世界,具有崇高感,并充满了命运感。探究朱先生悲剧思想的来源可以发现,它既与其悲剧人生观密切联系,也受到了尼采悲剧哲学思想的影响。

The Psychology of Tragedy is the foundation work of Mr. Zhu Guangqian’s aesthetic thought, and it is also a milestone in the study of aesthetics and literary theory in China. This book critically analyzes and interprets many Western theories about tragic pleasure, and shows a strong preference for tragedy. Behind these criticisms and tendencies lurks Mr. Zhu Guangqian’s personal tragic thought. The important content of Mr.Zhu’s tragic thoughts can be summarized as follows: tragedy is an ideal world of distances of life, with a sense of sublimity and a sense of destiny.Exploring the source of Mr. Zhu’s tragic thought, we can find that it is not only closely related to his tragic outlook on life, but also influenced by Nietzsche’s tragic philosophy.