从《杜子春》中的母亲形象看芥川龙之介的恋母情结

Akutagawa Ryunosuke’s Oedipus Complex from the Perspective of the Image of Mother in Du Zichun

《杜子春》是芥川龙之介改编自中国传奇故事的历史小说,其中一个重要的改编之处是加入了杜子春母亲这一角色。基于精神分析学理论,对文本和作家的经历、社会背景加以分析,可以发现《杜子春》中母亲形象的塑造源于芥川的恋母情结。而恋母情结的产生,一方面,源于个人无意识,即童年的创伤性记忆与“内在孩子”的体现;另一方面,源于集体无意识,即因建构日本近代国家需要应运而生的“慈母”形象的建立。《杜子春》中的母亲形象体现了芥川龙之介的个人创伤与日本民族的文化创伤,同时企图通过叙事来帮助自己和读者治愈创伤。

Du Zichun is a historical novel adapted from a Chinese legend by Akutagawa Ryunosuke.One of the important adaptations is the addition of the role of Du Zichun’s mother.Based on the psychoanalytic theory,analyzing the text and the writer’s experience and social background,it can be found that the image of mother in Du Zichun originated from Akutagawa’s Oedipus complex.On the one hand,the Oedipus complex originated from the personal unconsciousness,which is the manifestation of childhood traumatic memories and the "inner child",and on the other hand,from the collective unconsciousness,which is the establishment of the "kind mother" image that came into being in order to construct Japan’s modern country.The mother image in Du Zichun reflects the personal trauma of Akutagawa Ryunosuke and the cultural trauma of the Japanese nation,and at the same time attempts to help himself and the reader heal the trauma through narration.