试论日本古学派“孟子像”的学术分歧——以孟子“王道论”为例

The Different Interpretation of Mencius by Japanese Kogaku Group——Taking Mencius'Theory of Kingcraft as an Example

德川时期是中日文化交流史上的又一黄金时期。在德川幕府统治日本的260多年中,儒学始终是占据统治地位的主流意识形态。从朱子学派、阳明学派到古学派,该时期,日本儒学各派充分吸收中国儒家思想精华,并结合日本社会、文化特点,推动了儒学东渐后的日本化、本土化进程。从伊藤仁斋的“尊孟论”到荻生徂徕的“轻孟论”乃至太宰春台的“批孟论”,日本古学派在诠释《孟子》时产生的较大分裂体现出了学派内及学派间的学术观点碰撞,通过剖析亦可把握儒学在日本思想史中的发展脉络。

Tokugawa period is a golden period in the history of cultural exchanges between China and Japan.During the 260 years of Tokugawa Shogunate ruling Japanese society,Confucianism had always been the dominant ideology.From the Zhuzi doctrine group,Yangming doctrine group to the Kogaku group,each Japanese Confucianism group fully absorbed the essence of China's Confucianism and combined with the social and cultural characteristics of Japan,promoted the process of Japanization and localization of Confucianism after its eastward spread.From Ito Jinsai's"theory of respecting Mencius"to Ogyu Sorai's"theory of neglecting Mencius"and even Dazai Shundai's"theory of criticizing Mencius",the great division of the Japanese Kogaku group in interpreting Mencius reflects the collision of academic views within and among groups.Through analysis,we can also grasp the development of Confucianism in the history of Japanese thought.